重庆市18～59岁居民高血压患病率及影响因素分析

目的 了解18~59岁居民高血压患病率及影响因素,为开展有针对性的干预提供建议。 方法 采取分层多阶段随机抽样的原则在重庆市9个区县抽样调查18岁及以上的常住居民,调查内容包括问卷调查、身体测量、采集血样检测空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、血脂,数据统一录入中国慢性病及危险因素监测数据管理系统,对其中年龄在18～59岁居民的调查数据采用SPSS19.0进行统计分析。高血压影响因素采用χ²检验与多因素logistic回归分析进行分析。 结果 共计调查18～59岁的居民2 768人,平均年龄(47.58±8.97)岁,吸烟率为24.93%,在饮酒者中有害饮酒率为23.75%,红肉摄入超标的比例为36.67%,新鲜蔬菜水果摄入不足的比例为52.75%,盐与食用油摄入超标的比例分别为87.57%与84.97%,休闲性身体活动的比例为16.76%,高血压粗患病率为29.80%,标化患病率为18.12%。多因素回归分析结果提示,年龄(OR=1.93,95%CI:1.55～2.41)、平均每日休闲性身体活动量(OR=0.56,95%CI:0.35～0.89)、血脂异常(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.41～0.87)、血糖(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.08～1.67)、体重(OR=1.71,95%CI:1.37～2.13)是高血压的独立影响因素。 结论 重庆市劳动力人口高血压患病率较高,吸烟、有害饮酒、身体活动不足、膳食不合理等高危因素普遍存在。

Prevalence of hypertension and its influencing factors among residents aged 18-59 years in Chongqing municipality

Objective To analyze the prevalence of hypertension and its influencing factors among residents aged between 18 and 59 years so as to put forward some suggestion for conducting the targeted intervention. Methods Stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select permanent residents aged 18 years and above in 9 districts (counties) of Chongqing municipality. Questionnaire survey, physical examination, and fasting blood glucose, postprandial 2h blood glucose and lipid tests were conducted. All the data were entered into the National Data Management System for Chronic Diseases and Associated Risk Factors Surveillance.The data about residents aged 18-59 years were statistically analyzed by SPSS19.0 software. The factors influencing hypertension were identified by Chi-square test and multi-variant logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 2,768 residents aged 18-59 years were investigated, and their average age was (47.58±8.97) years old. The smoking rate was 24.93%. The harmful drinking rate among residents with the history of alcohol consumption was 23.75%. The proportions of excessive red meat intake, insufficient fresh fruit and vegetable intake, excessive salt intake, excessive oil intake and leisure-time physical activity were 36.67%, 52.75%, 87.57%, 84.97% and 16.76% respectively. The crude and standardization prevalence rates of hypertension were 29.80% and 18.12% respectively. The results of multi-variant logistic regression analysis indicated that factors like age (OR=1.93, 95%CI:1.55-2.41), the level of leisure-time physical activity per day (OR=0.56, 95%CI: 0.35-0.89), dyslipidemia (OR=0.60, 95%CI:0.41-0.87), blood glucose (OR=1.35, 95%CI:1.08-1.67) and body weight (OR=1.71, 95%CI:1.37-2.13) were the independent influencing factors for hypertension. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension among laborers in Chongqing municipality is high, and its high-risk factors like smoking, harmful drinking, insufficient physical activity and unhealthy dietary patterns are popular.