深圳市南山区人工流产女青年性相关知识和性行为调查

目的:研究人工流产女青年的性知识掌握情况和性行为特征。方法:以自填式问卷,对年龄≤24岁,自愿要求行人工流产的女青年618名进行横断面调查。结果:女青年的避孕知识和生殖健康知识缺乏,其中部分知识点知晓情况已婚者好于未婚者,具有显著性差异(P<0．05)。41．0％的人知道性生活后立即冲洗阴道不能有效避孕,知道避孕失败可用紧急避孕作为补救方法的占52．2％, 口服避孕药和紧急避孕药服用时间回答正确的分别占9．2％和30．0％,认为使用避孕套比安全期和体外射精避孕有效的分别占56．2％和61．1％。调查对象首次性行为和首次人工流产的平均年龄分别为20．42岁和21．42岁,其中首次人工流产年龄≤19岁的占16．5％。最近3个月内性生活时有效避孕措施使用率低,均使用避孕套的仅为9．2％,29．3％使用过紧急避孕药。34．0％的女青年为多次人工流产。结论:人工流产女青年性相关知识掌握较差,有效避孕措施使用率低,首次性行为年龄小, 多次人工流产率高。应对青少年加强性教育,促进安全、有效避孕措施的使用,减少非意愿妊娠的发生。

Sexual Knowledge and Behaviors among Female Youths with Artificial Abortion in Nanshan District of Shenzhen

Objective: To study the status of sexual knowledge and behaviors in women with early artificial a-bortion. Method: 618 women at the age of 24 years old or below who asked for artificial bortion were investigated through questionnaires. Result: The young women lacked of the knowledge and information of contraceptions and reproductive health. In some questions, married women knew more than unmarried women, which were significantly different(P <0. 05). Only 41.0% of women knew that it was noneffective to wash vagina after intercouse. 52. 2% of women knew to take emergency contraceptive pills as a substituted method after failure contraception. 9.2% and 30.0% of wowen knew how to use oral and emergency contraceptive pills at the correct time, respectively. 56.2% and 61.1% of women considered that condoms were more effective than safe period contraception, as well as external ejaculation, respectively. The average ages of first sexual behaviors and abortion were 20.42 years old and 21.42 years old, respectively. Women who had the first abortion at the age of 19 years old or below accounted for 16. 5%. The usage rate of effective contraceptions was low in three months lately, and only 9. 2% of women used condoms every sexual behaviour, and 29. 3% of women took emergency contraceptive pills. 34. 0% of women underwent several times of artificial abortion. Conclusion: It shows less sexual knowledge, lower usage rate of effective contraceptions; younger ages in first abortion and higher repeating abortion in women who have ever early abortion, so we should enhance sexual education of youngsters and promote to use safe, effective contraceptive methods to reduce the rate of induced abortion and avoid unwilling pregrarcy.