视觉模拟标尺评估吸烟者尼古丁渴求强度的能力初探

目的:探讨视觉模拟标尺(VAS)评估吸烟者尼古丁渴求强度的能力。方法:在知情同意的前提下,采用VAS和Fagerstrm尼古丁依赖检验量表(FTND)对广告招募的北京市区211例吸烟史≥1a、每日吸烟≥10支,并有戒烟动机的吸烟者进行横断面现场调查,以VAS分和FTND总分的相关分析评估VAS评估吸烟者尼古丁渴求强度的能力,并以吸烟者吸烟量、吸烟深度、呼气一氧化碳(CO)浓度和尿中可替宁浓度等指标来验证。结果:VAS与FTND呈线性正相关(P=0.000);VAS与日吸烟量、吸烟深度、呼气CO浓度、尿液可替宁浓度呈正相关(P均<0.01)。饮酒组与非饮酒组中VAS与FTND皆呈正相关(P=0.000)。非饮酒组中VAS与日吸烟量、吸烟深度、呼气CO浓度都呈正相关(P均<0.05)。饮酒组中VAS与日吸烟量、尿液可替宁浓度呈正相关(P均<0.01)。结论:VAS对吸烟者中尼古丁渴求强度有较好的评估能力,推荐该量表可以用来作为评价尼古丁渴求强度的工具。同时,在VAS结合自报吸烟深度评价饮酒者的尼古丁渴求程度时,应当考虑饮酒因素的影响。

POTENTIAL OF VISUAL ANALOGUE SCALE FOR DETECTING NICOTINE CRAVING INTENSITY IN CHINESE SMOKERS: A PRIMARILY STUDY

Objective:To explore the potential of Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)for detecting nicotine craving intensity in Chinese smokers. Methods:Two hundred and eleven Chinese smokers who smoked ≥10 cigarettes a day,at least 1 year and were motivated to stop smoking were recruited through newspaper advertising in this study in Beijing,China. The potential of VAS for detecting nicotine craving intensity was identified by the correlation analysis between VAS and Fagerstrm Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND),verified by the consumption of cigarettes per day,degree of inhalation,expired carbon monoxide concentrations and urine-cotinine concentrations. Participants provided their smoking information and urine sample after signing the informed consent form. Results:In correlation analysis model,the scores of VAS showed in the form of linear positive correlation by the scores of FTND(P=0.000). The scores of VAS all showed in the form of positive correlation by the consumption of cigarettes per day,degree of inhalation,expired carbon monoxide concentrations and urine-cotinine concentrations(all P<0.01). The scores of VAS showed in the form of linear positive correlation by the scores of FTND in those smokers with co-occurring alcohol drinking and no co-occurring alcohol drinking(P=0.000). In those smokers without co-occurring alcohol drinking,the scores of VAS all showed in the form of positive correlation by the consumption of cigarettes per day,degree of inhalation and expired carbon monoxide concentrations(all P<0.05).In those smokers with co-occurring alcohol drinking,the scores of VAS showed in the form of positive correlation by the consumption of cigarettes per day,and urine-cotinine concentrations(all P<0.01). Conclusion:Our results indicate that VAS is useful for identifying nicotine craving intensity in Chinese smokers,which suggests that VAS can be introduced as a tool to assess nicotine craving intensity in Chinese smokers. The factor of alcohol drinking should be considered when assessing nicotine craving intensity by VAS combined with self-reported degree of inhalation.