灾难性事件对官兵心理健康的影响及其干预效果分析

目的探讨灾难性事件对官兵心理健康的影响,并观察对其实施心理和药物干预的效果。方法以57例受洪水袭击后幸存官兵作为灾难组,70例未受灾难性事件袭击官兵作为对照组,均采用中国军人心理健康量表(CMMHS)进行测查,并对发生心理障碍者进行相应的心理干预或药物治疗。结果灾难性事件使官兵发生不同程度的心理障碍(包括情绪不稳定、情绪低落、悲痛、紧张恐惧、睡眠障碍、焦虑不安)和躯体损伤。灾难组CMMHS的强迫、焦虑、抑郁、恐怖、精神病性、躯体化、人际关系敏感因子分和总分均显著高于对照组和中国军人常模,其神经衰弱因子分与对照组和常模比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。影响官兵心理健康的主要因素依次为目击有人被洪水冲走、参与认尸。结论遭受灾难性事件袭击的官兵心理健康均有不同程度的损害,经心理及药物干预后疗效显著。

Studies on mental health of servicemen who experienced a catastrophic event

Objective To investigate the influence of a catastrophic event to the mental health of servicemen,and to observe the effect of mental intervention and drug treatment for them after experiencing a catastrophic flood attack.Methods 57 servicemen survived a catastrophic flood attack were regarded as the disaster group,and 70 others who were not involved in the flood disaster were regarded as the control group.The service men of the two groups were subjected to investigation with Chinese Military Mental Health Scale(CMMHS),and corresponding mental intervention or medication was given to those who had experienced mental disorders.Results The disaster resulted in different degrees of somatic trauma and various mental disorders including instability of emotion,mental depression,grievance,nervous tension,sensation of fear,sleep disorder and apprehensions.The influential factor scores of CMMHS,including compulsive neurosis,anxiety,depression,fear,psychosis,somatization,interpersonal sensitiveness,and total score were much higher in disaster group than that in control group,and that of norm of Chinese servicemen,while the neurasthenia factor score in disaster group showed no significant difference with that in control group and that of normal Chinese servicemen.The main influential factors to changes in mental health of the servicemen were witness of someone washed away by the flood,and participation in identifying corpses.Conclusion The mental health of servicemen who experienced a catastrophic flood disaster was harmed in various degrees,and medication or mental intervention appeared to be of value.