核仁区嗜银蛋白作为多环芳烃暴露效应标志的研究

目的研究焦炉工人外周血T淋巴细胞核仁区嗜银蛋白(AgNOR)是否可作为多环芳烃暴露的效应标志。方法选取52名焦化厂职工(按焦炉逸散物暴露水平分为高、中、低暴露组)和10名非职业多环芳烃暴露人员(对照组)作为研究对象。采集外周血,经培养、制片、银染,用核仁银染面积/细胞核面积(I/S)衡量T淋巴细胞AgNOR相对含量;同时检测尿1羟基芘的水平,作为接触多环芳烃的内暴露标志。结果高、中、低暴露组和对照组工人尿1羟基芘的平均浓度分别为(16.56±2.77)、(7.17±3.05)、(3.30±2.77)和(3.04±1.58)μmol/mol肌酐,高暴露组与低暴露组和对照组比较,差异有统计学意义;高、中、低暴露组和对照组工人T淋巴细胞AgNOR的I/S值分别为0.056±0.010、0.065±0.013、0.067±0.008和0.076±0.007,高暴露组与其他3组比较以及中、低暴露组与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义。结论职业多环芳烃暴露可导致尿1羟基芘水平上升和外周血T淋巴细胞AgNOR相对含量下降,提示多环芳烃暴露可损伤T细胞免疫功能,AgNOR有可能作为多环芳烃暴露的效应标志。

Argyrophil nucleolar organizer regions as biomarker of effect for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure

OBJECTIVE: To study whether the argyrophil nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) in T lymphocytes of peripheral blood in coke-oven workers can be used as a biomarker of effect for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure. METHODS: Fifty-two male coke-oven workers were divided into three groups according to exposure levels of coke oven emissions: high-exposure, middle-exposure and low-exposure workers. Additionally 10 men without occupational PAH exposure were chosen as control group. Peripheral blood T lymphocytes were cultured, spread on slides and stained with silver nitrate. The ratio of AgNOR area vs. nuclear area (I/S) in T lymphocytes was analyzed. Urinary 1-hydroxyrene (1-OHP) was measured as the internal dose of PAH exposure. RESULTS: Mean urinary 1-OHP level in high-exposure group (16.56 +/- 2.77 micromol/mol Cr) was significantly higher than those in low-exposure group (3.30 +/- 2.77 micromol/mol Cr, P < 0.001) and control group (3.04 +/- 1.58 micromol/mol Cr, P < 0.01). The mean I/S of AgNOR in T lymphocytes in high-exposure group (0.056 +/- 0.010) was significantly lower than those in middle-exposure group (0.065 +/- 0.013, P < 0.05), low-exposure group (0.067 +/- 0.008, P < 0.01) and control group (0.076 +/- 0.007, P < 0.001). It was also found that I/S of AgNOR were significantly decreased in middle-exposure group and low-exposure group in comparison with control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The occupational exposure to PAH resulted in increase of 1-OHP in urine and decrease of AgNOR in T lymphocytes. PAH exposure might lead to damage T lymphocytes function and AgNOR may be considered as a biomarker of effect for PAH exposure.