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Toxicological Responses of the Earthworm Eisenia fetida to 18-Crown-6 Under Laboratory Conditions |
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| Authors: | Yongtao Du Pinhua Rao Yinsheng Li Jiangping Qiu Weiguo Qiu Hao Tang Murray A. Potter |
| Affiliation: | 1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Longteng Rd. 333, Songjiang District, Shanghai, 201620, China 2. School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200240, China 3. Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand |
| Abstract: | The earthworm Eisenia fetida was exposed to artificial soil supplemented with 18-crown-6 (1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane) to investigate its effects on earthworm mortality, growth, avoidance, burrowing behavior and respiration. The results revealed that 18-crown-6 had the potential to negatively affect the behavior of earthworms. The 7-d LC50 was 585 mg kg?1 soil. Avoidance behavior was the most sensitive endpoint, with a 48-h EC50 of 120 mg kg?1 soil. Growth, burrow length and respiration showed general decreases with increasing 18-crown-6 concentrations. Behavioral endpoints and respiration may be regarded as sensitive parameters in evaluating the toxicity of this chemical to earthworms. |
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