甘肃省会宁县高一学生营养知识、态度、行为调查与分析

目的 了解会宁高一学生营养知识、态度和行为情况,为开展营养教育提供科学依据.方法 随机整群抽样方法 对会宁高一学生进行营养知识、态度和行为的问卷调查.结果 多元线性回归表明:调查对象营养知识与性别和生源有关.营养知识、态度和行为平均得分分别为(22.0±5.7)分,(20.2±4.2)分,(14.9±3.4)分.营养知识、态度得分女性高于男性,但行为得分女性低于男性;城镇生源得分高于乡村生源(P<0.05);营养知识与态度间有高度正相关性(r=0.300,P<0.001).调查对象认为饮食上存在问题的前3位是:食物品种较少(64.7%),肉类食物食用过少(39.5%),蔬菜水果摄入量少(35.4%).调查对象希望了解的营养知识主要是日常食物的合理搭配(72.4%),营养不良的预防(58.8%),食品卫生知识(50.8%),食物正确烹调方式(36.9%).目前获得相关营养知识的途径和期望途径均以报纸书籍、亲人、电视为主,咨询讲座和网络所占比例较少.结论 高一学生营养知识掌握程度较低,但有积极良好的态度,提示针对该人群应采取多种方式,开展有效的营养教育,提高该人群的营养知识,为其良好饮食行为的形成提供支持.

Analysis of nutritional knowledge, attitude and practice of students in Huining senior middle school of Gansu province

Objective To understand the status about the nutritional knowledge,attitude and practice of the students in Huining senior middle school,and to provide the scientific proof for the nutritional education.Methods The objects,consistent with conditions,were randomly selected by cluster sampling in Huining senior middle schools and investigated with a self-designed questionnaire about nutritional knowledge,attitude and prac-tice.Results The results of multiple linear regression analysis of influential factors on nutritional knowledge indi-cated sex and origin had a relation with nutritional knowledge.The average score of nutritional knowledge of the crowd was 22.0±5.7,the nutritional attitude was 20.2±4.2,and the practice was 14.9±3.4.The average score of knowledge and attitude of the female each was better than these of the male,but practice was lower that it of the male;the average score of the objects in town was better than it of the village (P<0.05) ;Nutritional knowl-edge had a highly positive correlation with nutritional attitude(r=0.300,P<0.001)The first three dietary prob-lems that objects had were less in food variety (64.7%),ate less meat (39.5%),and ate less fruits and vegeta-bles: Most of objects expected to understand how to formulate daily recipes (72.4%),then how to prevent the malnutrition (58.8%),how to obtain the information about food hygiene (50.8%) and how to correctly cook (36.9%).The way that nutritional knowledge had obtained and desired to gain were the same,from newspapers-books,relatives and TV,but gained from advisory and network was less.Conclusion Objects had favorable atti-tude,but were generally deficient in nutritional knowledge.Effective styles in nutritional education should be car-ried out to improve the objects" nutritional knowledge and provide support for good healthy practice to form.