不同产地当归的鉴定学研究

目的：客观评价甘肃岷县、宕昌、渭源、漳县以及云南鹤庆产当归质量。方法：从来源鉴定、性状鉴定、显微鉴定、理化鉴定4个方面对不同产地当归进行对比性研究。结果：岷当归表面颜色深,断面点状分泌腔多而明显,香气浓郁;渭源根当归表面皱缩明显,断面木部大,显柴性,质坚硬,气味最淡。云南马厂当归木部导管的排列既有放射状排列又有杂乱无序散开者,宕昌和漳县当归木部导管排列成放射状,岷当归和渭源根则杂乱无序散开。岷当归油室较其他4产地所产当归多,说明岷当归挥发油含量最高,渭源根裂隙较其他4产地所产当归多,油室最少。岷当归和马厂当归含杂质少,而渭源根杂质超标;岷当归和马厂当归挥发油含量差异不大,但都低于《中国药典》所规定的最低含量,可能是药材贮藏时间过长,挥发油挥发所致。结论：岷当归质量明显优于其他产地所产当归,而渭源根由于其柴性大,杂质超标,不符合用药规定。

Study on Identification of DangGui from Different Habitats

Objective： To evaluate the qualities of DangGui（Angelica sinensis） from Minxian county,Dangchang,Weiyuan,Zhangxian of Gansu province and Heqing of Yunnan province objectively.Method： Dangui from different habitats were tested from source identification,macroscopical identification,microscopic identification,physical and chemical identification,comparative study was also performed.Result： DangGui from Minxian was deep in superficial color,obvious and many punctiform secretory cavities in section and strong in fragrance;while Weiyuan ZhaoGen was shrinking in the surface,hard in texture and weak in fragrance.Vessels arranged in ray-like and irregular sequence in DangGui from Machang of Yunnan,vessels arranged in ray-like sequence in DangGui from Dangchang and Zhangxian while they were in irregular sequences in Minxian DangGui and Weiyuan ZhaoGen.More oil cavities in Min DangGui showed the highest contents of volatile oil and Weiyuan ZhaoGen contained the least.Min DangGui and MachangDangGui contained less foreign substances while foreign substances in WeiYuanZhaoGen were beyond the standard;there was no big difference in the contents of volatile oils in Min DangGui and Machang DangGui,but all lower than the least contents in Chinese pharmacopoeia,it may be caused by long storage and volatilizing of oil.Conclusion： Quality of Minxian DangGui is obviously better than that from other habitats,while Weiyuan ZhaoGen meet non-medicinal regulations since foreign substance is beyond the standard.