基于性格的音乐疗法和健康教育对PCI围手术期老年患者的应用价值

目的 探讨基于性格的音乐疗法和健康教育对经皮冠状动脉介入术（percotaneous coronary intervention,PCI）围手术期老年患者心理状况的改善情况。方法 选取2021年1月至2021年12月在新疆医科大学第一附属医院收治的行PCI且术前伴有焦虑和（或）抑郁症状的老年患者129例，通过抽签法分为常规组（n=62）和干预组（n=67）。常规组给予PCI围手术期常规护理，干预组在常规组基础上给予基于性格的音乐疗法和健康教育，比较两组患者干预前后焦虑、抑郁症状的改善情况。结果 干预组的焦虑、抑郁改善情况显著优于常规组（P<0.05）；治疗1d、3d、7d后，干预组的心率、收缩压显著低于治疗前（P<0.05）；干预前，常规组的各项健康教育评分均显著高于干预组（P<0.05）；干预后，干预组的各项健康教育评分均显著高于常规组（P<0.05）。结论 基于性格的音乐疗法和健康教育能有效改善PCI围手术期老年患者的焦虑、抑郁症状，提高老年患者冠心病的知识水平，是一种有效、经济的干预措施，值得临床和基层医疗机构普及应用。

Value of personality-based music therapy and health education for elderly patients in the perioperative period of PCI

Objective To investigate the improvement of psychological status of elderly patients during the perioperative period of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by personality-based music therapy and health education. Methods A total of 129 elderly patients who underwent PCI with preoperative symptoms of anxiety and depression admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected and divided into the conventional group (n=62) and the intervention group (n=67) by lottery method. The conventional group was given routine perioperative care for PCI, and the intervention group was given personality-based music therapy and health education on the basis of the conventional group, and the improvement of anxiety and depression symptoms before and after the intervention was compared between the two groups. Results The improvement of anxiety and depression in the intervention group was significantly better than those in the conventional group (P<0.05).The heart rate and systolic blood pressure in the intervention group were significantly lower than those before treatment after 1 day, 3 days and 7 days of treatment (P<0.05). All health education scores in the conventional group were significantly higher than those in the intervention group before intervention (P<0.05). After intervention, all health education scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the conventional group (P<0.05). Conclusion Personality-based music therapy and health education can effectively improve anxiety and depression symptoms in elderly patients in the perioperative period of PCI and improve the knowledge of coronary artery disease in elderly patients, which is an effective and economical intervention worthy of universal application in clinical and primary care settings.