FS-LASIK术后早期角膜上皮厚度变化特点及其相关影响因素分析

目的：探讨飞秒激光制瓣的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FS-LASIK)术后早期角膜上皮厚度变化特点及其相关影响因素。方法：回顾性研究。选取2021-05/2022-06于本院行FS-LASIK手术治疗的近视患者120例240眼，观察术前、术后1d，1wk，1、3mo时患者中心区、内环区、外环区角膜上皮厚度，通过Pearson相关性分析角膜厚度变化值与等效球镜度、光学区直径、切削深度、切削比之间的关系。结果：FS-LASIK术患者术后1d时中心区、内环区、外环区角膜上皮厚度与术前比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)； 术后1wk，1、3mo时中心区、内环区、外环区角膜上皮厚度较术前增加，且中心区、内环区术后1、3mo时角膜上皮厚度大于外环区(均P<0.05)； 术前高度近视患者中心区、内环区、外环区角膜上皮厚度大于低、中度近视患者，术后1wk时中心区、内环区、外环区角膜上皮厚度小于低、中度近视患者(P<0.05)； 术后1、3mo时高度近视患者中心区、内环区、外环区角膜上皮厚度大于低、中度近视患者，中心区、内环区、外环区角膜上皮厚度变化量大于低、中度近视患者(P<0.05)； Pearson相关性分析结果显示术后3mo中心区、内环区角膜上皮厚度变化量与角膜曲率、切削深度、切削比呈现正相关，与年龄、等效球镜度、光学区直径呈现负相关(P<0.05)。结论：FS-LASIK术后患者角膜上皮组织增厚，且角膜上皮增厚与年龄、角膜曲率、术前切削深度、切削比、等效球镜度、光学区直径相关。

Characteristics of early changes in corneal epithelial thickness and related influencing factors after femtosecond assisted laser in situ keratomileusis

AIM: To investigate the characteristics of changes in corneal epithelial thickness at the early postoperative stage of femtosecond assisted laser in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK)and its related influencing factors.METHOD: Retrospective study. A total of 120 patients(240 eyes)of myopia undergoing FS-LASIK from May 2021 to June 2022 were selected. The corneal epithelium thickness in the central area, inner ring area, and outer ring area of patients before and at 1d, 1wk, 1 and 3mo after operation was recorded. The relationship between the variation of corneal epithelium thickness and spherical equivalent, optical zone diameter, depth of cut and cutting ratio was analyzed by Pearson correlation.RESULTS: There was no statistical significance in corneal epithelial thickness in the central area, inner ring area and outer ring area at 1d after FS-LASIK compared with that before operation(P>0.05). At 1wk, 1 and 3mo after surgery, the corneal epithelial thickness in the central area, inner ring area and outer ring area increased compared with that before surgery, and the corneal epithelial thickness in the central area and inner ring area at 1 and 3mo after surgery was greater than that in the outer ring area(all P<0.05). The corneal epithelial thickness in the central, inner and outer ring areas of high myopia patients was thicker than that of low and moderate myopia patients before operation. The corneal epithelial thickness in the central, inner and outer ring areas of high myopia patients was thinner than that of low and moderate myopia patients at 1wk after operation(P<0.05). At 1 and 3mo after operation, the corneal epithelial thickness in the central, inner and outer ring areas of patients with high myopia was greater than that of patients with low and moderate myopia, and the changes of corneal epithelial thickness in the central, inner and outer ring areas were greater than those of patients with low and moderate myopia(P<0.05). The results of Pearson correlation showed that the changes in corneal epithelial thickness in the central and inner ring area were positively correlated with the corneal curvature, depth of cut and cutting ratio at 3mo after surgery, and they were in negative correlation with the age, spherical equivalent and optical zone diameter(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The corneal epithelial thickness of patients thickened after the FS-LASIK operation, and it was correlated with age, corneal curvature, preoperative depth of cut, cutting ratio, spherical equivalent and the optic zone diameter.