发酵中药改善肠道屏障和肠道菌群的研究进展

发酵中药是通过体外微生物发酵工艺形成的具有新成分和功能的中药，发酵赋予中药独特的药理药效特征，具有广阔的应用前景。复杂性慢性疾病与肠道屏障和肠道菌群密切相关，肠道微生物广泛参与中药的代谢过程和药理作用，探究发酵中药如何调节肠道微环境成为新的趋势。本文从发酵中药改善肠道屏障功能包括机械屏障、免疫屏障、化学屏障和生物屏障及调节肠道菌群的机制2个方面进行综述，并比较发酵中药与传统中药的作用差异，为进一步深入探究发酵中药和肠道之间的关系提供参考，以期更好地揭示发酵中药治疗疾病的核心内涵，促进中医药现代化。

Research Progress of Fermented Traditional Chinese Medicine in Improving Intestinal Barrier and Intestinal Flora

Fermented traditional Chinese medicine is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine with new components and functions formed by in vitro microbial fermentation process, which endows traditional Chinese medicine with unique pharmacological and pharmacodynamic characteristics and has broad application prospects. Complex chronic diseases are closely related to intestinal barrier and intestinal flora, and intestinal microorganisms are widely involved in the metabolic processes and pharmacological effects of traditional Chinese medicine, and it has become a new trend to investigate how fermented traditional Chinese medicine regulate the intestinal microenvironment. This paper reviewed the mechanism of fermented traditional Chinese medicine in improving intestinal barrier function including mechanical barrier, immune barrier, chemical barrier and biological barrier and regulating intestinal flora, and compared the differences between fermented traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine to provide reference for further in-depth investigation of the relationship between fermented traditional Chinese medicine and intestinal tract, in order to better reveal the core connotation of fermented traditional Chinese medicine in treating diseases and promote the modernization of Chinese medicine.