甘肃45~69岁人群健康素养水平及影响因素

目的了解甘肃省45~69岁常住居民健康素养水平分布状况,并探索其影响因素,为中老年人制定健康教育干预策略和措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样和概率比例规模抽样(PPS)法,抽取全省87个县市区45~69岁常住居民作为调查对象,采用问卷调查法调查居民健康素养水平。问卷内容包括人口学资料与健康素养相关问题等两大类,并采用Logistic回归分析其影响因素。结果2017年甘肃省45~69岁居民健康素养具备率为6.52%;基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为、基本健康技能3个方面健康素养具备率分别为15.59%、8.36%和8.72%;六类健康问题素养具备率由高到低依次为:科学健康观素养(29.37%)、安全与急救素养(28.94%)、健康信息素养(15.38%)、传染病防治素养(12.43%)、基本医疗素养(11.02%)和慢性病防治素养(10.53%)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果提示,城乡、文化程度、职业和收入是健康素养水平的影响因素。结论甘肃省45~69岁常住居民健康素养水平较低,应加强健康教育和监测研究,并制定有效的对策和措施,提高健康素养水平。

Health literacy level and its influencing factors among residents aged 45~69 years in Gansu Province

Objective To know about the distribution of health literacy levels among residents aged 45-69 years old in Gansu Province,and to explore its influencing factors to provide reference for developing health education intervention strategies and measures for middle-aged and elderly population.Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling and probability proportional scale sampling(PPS)methods were used to select the residents aged 45-69 years old in 87 counties and cities in the province as the survey objects.A questionnaire survey was carried out to investigate the residents'health literacy levels,which included demographic data and related issues of health literacy,and then the influencing factors were analyzed using logistic regression.Results In 2017,the rate of such residents with health literacy was 6.52%;the rates of residents with health literacy levels of basic knowledge and ideas,healthy lifestyles and behaviors,and basic health skills were 15.59%,8.36%,and 8.72%,respectively.The six indexes of health literacy ranking from high to low were scientific health concept(29.37%),safety and first aid(28.94%),health information(15.38%),infectious disease prevention(12.43%),basic medical treatment(11.02%)and chronic disease prevention(10.53%).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the influencing factors of health literacy level were urban and rural areas,education level,occupation and income.Conclusions The level of health literacy of residents aged 45-69 years in Gansu Province is low.It is necessary to strengthen health education and monitoring research and formulate effective measures to improve their level of health literacy.