杜仲化学成分、药理作用和临床应用研究进展

杜仲Eucommia ulmoides是我国特有的珍稀濒危二类保护植物，其皮、叶、雄花和种子均具有药用价值和食用价值。化学成分研究发现杜仲不同部位（皮、叶、雄花、种子）主要有木脂素类、环烯醚萜类、黄酮类、苯丙素类、萜类和甾体类等成分，具有抗骨质疏松、抗炎、神经保护、降血压、降血糖、调血脂、免疫调节、抗菌、抗病毒等药理作用，广泛应用在医药、保健食品、饲料添加剂及日化用品等多个领域。通过对2000年1月—2022年12月在中国知网（CNKI）和PubMed数据库中发表的杜仲文献进行检索，共检索到相关文献1772篇，其中有效文献188篇。综述了杜仲在化学成分、药理作用、临床研究和开发应用方面的研究进展，为后续杜仲的临床应用及相关产品开发提供参考。

Research progress on chemical constituents, pharmacological effects and clinical application of Eucommia ulmoides

Eucommia ulmoides is a rare and endangered Class II protected plant existed in China, and its bark, leaves, male flowers and seeds all have medicinal and edible values. Modern research showed that different parts (bark, leaves, male flowers and seeds) of E. ulmoides contained a variety of chemical components, including lignans, iridoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, steroids and terpenes, and exhibited anti-osteoporosis, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection, anti-hypertension, antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, immune regulation, anti-bacteria and anti-viral activities. It is widely used in various fields such as medicines, health food, feed additives, and daily chemical products. A total of 1772 related articles on E. ulmoides were obtained from China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) and PubMed database from January 2000 to December 2022. Among of them, 188 publications were valid. In this paper, the chemical compositions, pharmacological activities, clinical research and development and application of E. ulmoides were summarized, in order to provide reference for the rational application and related product development of E. ulmoides.