甘肃产1～2年生红芪和黄芪皂苷、多糖、黄酮类成分含量差异研究

目的对甘肃产1～2年生红芪（多序岩黄芪Hedysarum polybotrys）和黄芪（蒙古黄芪Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus或膜荚黄芪A. membranaceus）总皂苷、总多糖、黄酮类成分含量进行统计分析，综合多指标探讨红芪和黄芪的差异。方法运用R3.3.2软件，选取总皂苷、总黄酮、总多糖、毛蕊异黄酮苷、毛蕊异黄酮、芒柄花苷、芒柄花素、4种异黄酮含量总和8个含量指标，产地、品种、采收时间、纬度、经度、海拔高度6个影响质量的因素做变量，采用相关分析、聚类分析、主成分分析方法，对甘肃产1～2年生红芪和黄芪质量差异进行综合评价。结果聚类结果表明红芪、黄芪聚成2大类，2种药材品质相差较大；主成分分析结果表明，黄芪质量优于红芪，总体上2年生红芪、黄芪药材质量优于1年生药材，宕昌产黄芪质量较优，武都产红芪质量较优。结论甘肃产红芪和黄芪药材质量有明显差异，从质量角度分析，二者不适合替代使用。

Comparative study on statistical differences of saponins, polysaccharides and flavonoids contents of Gansu 1-2 years old Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix

Objective To analyze the contents of total saponins, total polysaccharides and flavonoids of 1-2 years old Hongqi (Hedysari Radix, Hedysarum polybotrys) and Huangqi (Astragali Radix, Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus or A. membranaceus) from different areas in Gansu Province, and explore the differences between Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix. Methods Using R3.3.2 software, and eight content including total saponins, total flavonoids, total polysaccharides, calycosin-7-glucoside, calycosin, ononin, formononetin, sum of four isoflavones were selected as indicators, and six factors affecting the quality of including origin, varieties, harvest time, latitude, longitude, altitude were selected as variable. Based on the correlation analysis, cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA), the difference of quality between 1-2 years old Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix was compared. Results The results of cluster analysis showed that Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix were clustered into two categories, with a big difference of the quality between them. The results of PCA showed that the quality of Astragali Radix was better than that of Hedysari Radix. In general, the quality of two-year-old Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix were better than one year old. And the quality of Astragali Radix in Dangchang was better, and the quality of Hedysari Radix in Wudu was superior. Conclusion There is a significant difference in the quality of Hedysari Radix and Astragali Radix in Gansu, and it is not suitable for alternative use from the perpective of quality analysis.