基于非靶向代谢组学的草果不同部位间差异代谢物分析

目的 对草果不同部位间代谢物差异进行分析，为探究草果非药用部位的潜在应用价值提供参考。方法 利用非靶向代谢组学技术，对草果的茎、叶和果实3个部位的代谢物进行差异性比较分析。结果 基于非靶向代谢组学技术鉴定草果茎、叶和果实的代谢物，筛选出了373个代谢物，主要包括萜类、酚类、碳水化合物和碳水化合物结合物、氨基酸、肽和类似物、脂肪酸和共轭物、类固醇和类固醇衍生物、类花生酸、醇和多元醇类及黄酮类等，茎与叶、茎与果实、叶与果实之间的差异代谢物分别为45、72、85个；2,5-二羟基苯甲酸酯、十二烷酸、5-甲硫基腺苷、腺苷、丙酸睾丸酮、D-葡萄糖-1-磷酸、乳清酸核苷和栎精在茎中含量最高，在果实中含量最少；L-苹果酸和氧代戊二酸等代谢物在叶中含量最高，在果实中含量最少；亚油酸代谢和丙氨酸、天门冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢是形成草果组织差异代谢物的重要代谢途径。结论 草果的茎、叶、果实同样富含许多相同的活性代谢物质，其非药用部位也具有重要的食品和药品等方面经济利用价值，为草果的开发和充分利用提供一定的科学依据。

Analysis of Metabolite Differences in Different Tissues of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemarie Based on Untargeted Metabolomics

Objective To analyze the differences in metabolites among different tissues of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemarie to provide references for exploring the potential application value of non-medicinal parts.Methods Non-targeted metabolomics techniques were used to compare and analyze the metabolites of the stems, leaves, and fruits of A. tsaoko.Results Based on non-targeted metabolomics techniques, 373 metabolites were identified from stems, leaves, and fruits of A. tsaoko, mainly including terpenoids, phenols, carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates, amino acids, peptides and analogs, fatty acids and conjugates, steroids and steroid derivatives, eicosanoids, alcohols and polyols, and flavonoids. The number of different metabolites between the stems and leaves, the stems and fruits, and leaves and fruits were 45, 72, and 85, respectively. The 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate, dodecanoic acid, 5-methylthioadenosine, adenosine, testosterone cypionate, D-glucose-1-phosphate, orotidine, and quercetin had the highest content in stems and the lowest content in fruits. L-malic acid and oxoglutaric acid had the highest content in leaves and the lowest content in fruits. The metabolism of linoleic acid and the metabolism of alanine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid were important metabolic pathways for the differential metabolites in A. tsaoko tissues.Conclusion The stems, leaves, and fruits of A. tsaoko contain many similar active metabolites, and their non-medicinal parts also have important economic value in food and pharmaceutical applications, providing a scientific basis for the development and utilization of A. tsaoko.