药用植物金荞麦中黄酮类化合物积累的时空变化规律

目的 探究药用植物金荞麦不同生育期各器官中黄酮类化合物积累的时空分布规律，为金荞麦合理采收、资源化利用和高价值开发提供科学依据。方法 以根茎繁殖不同生长年限的金荞麦为研究对象，在不同生育时期采集根、茎、叶、花器官，采用高效液相色谱法测定各器官样品中儿茶素、表儿茶素、芦丁和总黄酮含量。结果 随着金荞麦生育期推进，植株不同器官的黄酮类化合物积累增加，以秋季地上部分枯萎后的含量最高；不同生育时期叶片中的儿茶素、表儿茶素、芦丁和总黄酮含量均显著高于根茎和茎秆（P<0.05）。不同器官间儿茶素、表儿茶素、芦丁和总黄酮含量差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），花中儿茶素、芦丁和总黄酮含量最高；表儿茶素含量在茎秆中最低。黄酮类物质含量在根茎不同部位差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），表儿茶素和总黄酮含量在根茎不同组织部位表现为须根>韧皮部>根茎（不含须根）>木质部（P<0.05），儿茶素和芦丁分别在须根和韧皮部含量最高。1年生与2年生金荞麦植株不同器官的黄酮类化合物含量差异无统计学意义。结论 在不考虑产量的前提下，根茎繁殖金荞麦种植1年即可采收，适宜采收期为11月上旬。

Temporal and Spatial Variations of Flavonoid Accumulation in the Medicinal Plant Fagopyrum dibotrys

Objective To reveal the spatial and temporal distribution of flavonoid accumulation in different organs of Fagopyrum dibotrys at different growth stages, so as to provide a scientific basis for the rational harvesting, resource utilization, and value-added development of this medicinal plant.Methods The roots, stems, leaves, and flowers of F. dibotrys propagated with rhizomes and of different years were collected at different growth stages. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed to determine the content of catechin, epicatechin, rutin, and total flavonoids.Results With the development of F. dibotrys, the accumulation of flavonoids in different organs of the plant increased, being the highest in the wilted aboveground part in autumn. The content of catechin, epicatechin, rutin, and total flavonoids in leaves was higher than that in rhizomes and stems at different growth stages (P<0.05). The content of catechin, epicatechin, rutin, and total flavonoids varied in different organs of F. dibotrys (P<0.05), and the content of catechin, rutin, and total flavonoids was the highest in flowers. The content of epicatechin was the lowest in stems. The content of flavonoids in F. dibotrys was different in different parts of roots (P<0.05). The content of epicatechin and total flavonoids in different parts of roots followed the trend of fibrous root>phloem>rhizome (excluding fibrous roots)>xylem (P<0.05), and the content of catechin and rutin was the highest in fibrous roots and phloem, respectively. There was no significant difference in the content of flavonoids between 1- and 2-year-old F. dibotrys.Conclusion Without considering the yield, 1-year-old plants of F. dibotrys propagated with rhizomes can be harvested, and the suitable harvest time is in early November.