海南省琼中县社会经济因素及人的行为对疟疾流行和控制影响的调查研究

琼中县和平镇是当前海南省疟疾严重流行地区之一，年发病率波动在５％左右。调查表明当地黎、苗族社会经济仍较落后，仍然保留上山住宿看守作物等行为习惯，基层卫生组织也较薄弱，但在生活水平、文化程度、使用蚊帐习惯和求医行为方面，较之过去已有明显改善。灰色关联度分析显示，上山住宿、使用蚊帐、求医及医疗保健服务是影响疟疾的主要社会因素。认为开展健康教育、提高蚊帐使用率、改变上山住宿行为和加强基层卫生组织，是进一步控制当地疟疾的关键性措施。

A STUDY ON HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS AFFECTING MALARIA TRANSMISSION AND CONTROL IN QIONGZHONG, HAINAN

This study was conducted in Heping District of Qiongzhong County,a hyperedemic mountainous area,in August-September 1992.The comparative surveys between the village and state run farm,Li and Miao nationalities and Han nationality were carried out by using the sociological method together with the epidemiological methods. Gray relational analysis was conducted between the aforementioned 7 socioeconomic human behavioral factors and IFA rates.The result showed that their degrees of relation (r) were in the following order:(1) percentage of persons who had stayed in the mountain overnight(r=0.8690);(2)percentage of bed net users(r=0.7990);(3) percentage of households seeking medical service(r=0.7990);(4)number of mosquito nets per person(r= 0.7867); (5)percentage of househloders knowing malaria transmission route (r=0.7798); (6)percentage of households with tile roofed houses(r=0.6767)and (7)income per capita(r= 0.6636). It indicates that staying in the mountain,using bed net and seeking medical service were three discriminating factors affecting local malaria transmission and control. Therefore,it is suggested that carrying out health education,changing the stay in mountain behavior,increasing the utilization of mosquito nets and reinforcing the primary health care should be taken as the fundamental measures for malaria control programme.