Contribution of oxidative stress to TiO2 nanoparticle-induced toxicity |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, China;2. Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China;1. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585, Singapore;2. PUB, 40 Scotts Road, Singapore 228231, Singapore;3. Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117549, Singapore;4. NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117411, Singapore;1. Chemours Company, Wilmington, DE, USA;2. Boatman Toxicology Consulting LLC, USA;1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Odontology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;3. Department of Physiology, Payam Noor University of Iran, Iran;1. Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;2. Medical Genetic Research Center (MGRC), School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;3. Immunology Research Center, Buali Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;4. Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;5. Neurocognitive Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;1. Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Laboratory of Medical Genetics, University of Pisa, Via Roma 55, Pisa 56126, Italy,;2. Doctoral School in Genetics, Oncology and Clinical Medicine, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy;3. European Commission, Directorate General Joint Research Centre, Directorate F – Health, Consumers and Reference Materials, Consumer Products Safety Unit (F.2), Via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, VA, Italy;4. Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (CNR-ISTEC), National Research Council of Italy, Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, RA, Italy;1. Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt;2. Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Gizza, Egypt |
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| Abstract: | With the rapid development of nanotechnology, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNPs) are widely used in many fields. People in such workplaces or researchers in laboratories are at a higher risk of being exposed to TNPs, so are the consumers. Moreover, increasing evidence revealed that the concentrations of TNPs are elevated in animal organs after systematic exposure and such accumulated TNPs could induce organ dysfunction. Although cellular responses such as oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis, autophagy, signaling pathways, and genotoxic effects contribute to the toxicity of TNPs, the interrelationship among them remains obscure. Given the pivotal role of oxidative stress, we summarized relevant articles covering the involvement of oxidative stress in TNPs’ toxicity and found that TNP-induced oxidative stress might play a central role in toxic mechanisms. However, available data are far from being conclusive and more investigations should be performed to further confirm whether the toxicity of TNPs might be attributed in part to the cascades of oxidative stress. Tackling this uncertain issue may help us to comprehensively understand the interrelationship among toxic cellular responses induced by TNPs and might shed some light on methods to alleviate toxicity of TNPs. |
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| Keywords: | Titanium dioxide nanoparticles Apoptosis Inflammatory response DNA methylation DNA damage oxidative stress |
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