接触柴油机废气的火车司乘人员心脑血管疾病死亡情况的队列研究

目的：通过回顾性队列研究分析柴油机废气职业接触者在心脑血管疾病上与一般人口比较是否存在死亡超量。方法：回顾性队列研究。结果：全体队列成员粗死亡率226．35／10万人年．低于外对照。死因前三位为恶性肿瘤，脑血管病，心血管病。以检修工人为主的暴露组脑血管病的RR=2．251．无统计学意义。其SMR=2．257，95％CI为0．90～4．65。该组心血管病死亡的SMR=1．268．95％CI为0．34～3．25。结论：以检修工人为主的暴露组在全死因和脑血管病上很可能存在死亡超量，心血管病死亡是否超量不能确定。

Cohort mortality study of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in railway workers exposed to diesel exhaust

Objective: To investigate whether there are significant excess or not in mortality between the workers occupationally exposed to diesel exhaust and the contrast group. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of cerebrovascular disease and cardiovascular disease was conducted among 2275 railway workers with 306 officers as the contrast within a definite period from January 1,1988 to January 1,2001,in comparison with the general population in Harbin. Results: The rough mortality of all the leaguers in cohort is 226.35/10 5 persons/ year , lower than the contrast group. Cancer,cerebrovascular disease and cardiovascular disease are the first three causes of death .For the second exposed group ,The SMR of cerebrovascular was 2.257(95%CI 0.90~4.65) and the SMR of cardiovascular disease was 1.268(95%CI 0.34~3.25). Conclusion: The results show that an excessive mortality of cerebrovascular disease is seen in the second exposed group and it is uncertain whether the mortality of cardiovascular disease is excessive.