Association between atopic diseases and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in childhood: a population-based case-control study |
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| Authors: | Jeng-Dau Tsai Shih-Ni Chang Chih-Hsin Mou Fung-Chang Sung Ko-Huang Lue |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan;2. Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan;3. Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan;4. Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan;1. Developmental Neurophysiology, Institute of Neuroanatomy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany;2. Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany;1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI;2. Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI |
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| Abstract: | PurposeBoth atopic diseases (AD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) are common pediatric disorders that may lead to mental and physical complications. This population-based, case-control design is to correlate the risk of ADHD with AD among a pediatric population.MethodsBy using a Longitudinal Health Insurance Database ranged from 2002 to 2009, 4692 children with ADHD and 18,768 randomly selected controls were enrolled. Odds ratios (OR) of ADHD were calculated for the association with AD.ResultsThe children with ADHD had a higher rate of AD than controls, particularly allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis. The corresponding ORs were 1.81 (95% confidence interval CI], 1.69–1.93) and 1.69 (95% CI, 1.58–1.81), respectively. Despite the lower prevalence, children with atopic dermatitis and asthma were also at higher risk of ADHD, with ORs of 1.80 (95% CI, 1.58–2.05) and 1.48 (95% CI, 1.24–1.78). Logistic regression analysis estimated ORs showed ADHD risk was higher for those living in urban areas. The risk of ADHD increased with numbers of AD and age.ConclusionsMost of the children with ADHD had a strong association with AD, especially allergic rhinitis. Awareness of these comorbidities may help clinicians to provide better comprehensive management and reduce the burden of disease. |
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