结肠癌根治术后老年患者不同营养支持护理效果研究

目的探究结肠癌根治术后老年患者不同营养支持途径护理效果的差异。方法:回顾性分析2018 年12 月—2020年12 月于我院肛肠外科收治的100 例行结肠癌根治术老年患者的临床资料，根据术后采用的不同营养支持途径进行分组，每组50 例，术后给予肠内营养支持护理患者为EN 组，术后给予肠外营养支持护理患者为TPN 组，比较两组患者营养指标、免疫功能指标、胃肠功能恢复情况及并发症情况。结果:术后7 d，两组患者血清前血蛋白(PAB)、转铁蛋白(TRF)及血清白蛋白(ALB)水平均较术后1 d 显著升高(P ＜ 0.05)，EN 组明显高于TPN 组(P ＜ 0.05)；EN 组肠鸣音恢复时间、肛门排气时间及住院时间显著少于TPN 组(P ＜ 0.05)；EN 组并发症发生率为14.00%，TPN 组为18.00%，差异无统计学意义(P ＞ 0.05)；术后7 d，两组患者血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、IgM 水平均显著高于术后1 d(P ＜ 0.05)，EN 组明显高于TPN 组(P ＜ 0.05)；术后7 d，两组患者T 淋巴细胞亚群CD3+、CD4+ 及CD4+/CD8+ 值均较术后1 d 显著升高(P ＜ 0.05)。结论:肠内营养支持护理具有改善老年患者营养状况，促进胃肠功能恢复，增强免疫功能的作用，可作为结肠癌术后老年患者早期营养补充的护理方案。

Study on Effect of Different Nutritional Supports in Elderly Patients after Radical Resection of Colon Cancer

Objective To explore the differences of nursing effect of different nutritional support ways in elderly patients after radical resection of colon cancer. Methods The clinical data of 100 elderly patients underwent radical resection of colon cancer from December 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different ways of nutritional support after operation, the patients who received enteral nutrition support after operation were divided into observation group and received parenteral nutrition support after operation were control group. Nutrition index, immune function index, recovery of gastrointestinal function and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The levels of PAB, TRF and ALB in the two groups on the 7th day after operation were significantly higher than those on the 1st day after operation (P <0.05), and those in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). The recovery time of bowel sounds, anal exhaust time and hospitalization time in the observation group were significantly less than those in the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P >0.05). On the 7th day after operation, the serum IgG, IgA and IgM levels in the two groups were significantly higher than those in the 1st day after operation (P <0.05), while those in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). On the 7 th day after operation,CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ of T lymphocyte subsets in the two groups were significantly higher than those in the 1 st day after operation(P <0.05). Conclusion Enteral nutrition support nursing has a role in the role of improving the nutritional status of elderly patients, promoting the recovery of gastrointestinal function and enhancing the immune function, which can be used as a nursing plan for early nutrition supplement in elderly patients after colon cancer surgery.