中国南方沿海食管癌高发区危险因素研究:吸烟作用

目的　旨在调查吸烟、饮酒、和某些食物因素的食管癌病因学作用。方法　在中国食管癌高发区之一潮汕地区进行了一项大型的病例 -对照研究。研究包括 12 4 8例食管鳞状细胞癌病例及 12 4 8例按年龄、性别的对照。结果　观察到每日吸烟量和持续吸烟时间有明显的剂量 -效应关系。在调整了职业、居住地、经济收入以及饮酒后 ,与不吸烟者相比较 ,重度吸烟者(≥ 30支 /日 )的相对危险度为 10以上。吸烟与饮酒之间存在着相乘方式的交互作用 ,与轻度吸烟和饮酒者比较 ,重度吸烟和饮酒者的相对危险度为 32 .5。结论　戒烟有明显的保护作用 ,戒烟的时间有剂量 -效应关系。

Study of risk factor of smoking in esophageal cancer high incidence area at South China coast

Objective This study intended to investigate the role of tobacco, alcohol, and certain dietary factors in the etiology of esophageal cancer. Methods A large scale of case-control study was conducted in Chaoshan region of China, which is one of high incidence district of esophageal cancer. The study included 1248 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus and 1248 controls matched by sex and age. Results A strong association with a clear dose-response relationship was observed with the amount of tobacco smoking taken daily and duration of the habit. The relative risk for the heavy smokers with over 30 cigarettes per day in compare with non-smokers was more than 10 after adjusting for the effects of occupation, residence district, income, and alcohol. Strong association was also observed with tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking which appeared to act in a multiplicative way. The relative risk for those who smoke and drink heavily in compare with of light smokers and drinkers was 32.5. Conclusion A clear protective effect was found for abstinence of cigarette, and a dose-response relationship was present for the duration of abstinence.