八省城乡0～5岁婴幼儿生长发育与家长喂养行为的调查分析

目的调查分析我国八省城乡0～5岁婴幼儿的营养和喂养现状。了解其中婴幼儿生长发育中存在的主要问题,为进一步制定营养改善措施提供依据。方法利用卫生部社妇司2004年在八省城乡开展的“0～5岁婴幼儿营养状况调查”,对我国八省城乡17081名0～5岁婴幼儿进行身高、体重的测量,并以问卷的形式对以上婴幼儿的家长进行了喂养行为的调查。结果城乡婴幼儿生长发育出现差异是从4月开始;农村1～2岁为营养不良的高发期,并以长期慢性营养不良为主;八省西部农村营养不良率高达20%以上,高于中、东部地区。结论在婴儿辅食添加中农村明显存在着添加时间、添加辅食在质量和数量上不科学合理的问题。分析原因除了经济的因素外,还与婴幼儿家长缺乏营养和保健知识关系。

Nutrition and feeding situation of Chinese 0- 5 years old infants & children in 8 provinces, cities and villages in 2004

Objective To investigate and analyze present nutrition and feeding situation of 0～5 years old infants and children in Chinese cities and villages and to understand main problems existed during Chinese infants and children's develop-growing period in order to provide a basis for further drafting measures of nutrition amelioration.Methods To utilize an “Investigation to Nutrition Situation of 0-5 Years Old Infants & Children" which is opened in Chinese 8 provinces, cities and villages in 2004 by Social Women Dept. of Ministry of Public Health, P.R. China to proceed measurement of height and body weight for 17081 infants and children of 0-5 years of age in 8 provinces, cities and villages, also with Questionnaire form to proceed an investigation to parents of above said infants & children about their feeding situation.Results The develop-growing difference between cities and villages' infants & children appears to begin in April, a high occurrence period for 1-2 years old infants & children in villages with long period chronicle malnutrition as main cause that Chinese western area villages' nutrition rate is 20% above to be higher than Chinese middle and eastern areas. Infants & children's mother milk feeding rate is higher than whole nation's children nutrition monitoring result in 2000 with villages obviously higher than cities. In adding infants' supplementary foods there obviously existed unscientific and unreasonable problem of adding time, adding quality and quantity of supplementary foods. To analyze cause it is besides economic factors there existed obvious relation with shortage of knowledge in nutrition and health care by infants & children's parents.