血小板输注中抗体检测和配合试验的应用

目的：提高血小板制剂对血小板减少、尤其是血小板输注无效症（PTR）患者的输注疗效，避免宝贵血源的浪费。方法：应用单抗固相微孔板（MASPAT）法检测患者血清中的血小板抗体，进行血小板供者与患者之间的配合试验。结果：2005年6月-2007年11月对109例患者进行了血小板抗体的检测，其中42例患者检出血小板抗体（阳性率38．5％），对含有血小板抗体的患者经适合性血小板输注后，血小板计数有明显上升。结论：MASPAT法在特异性、敏感性、重复性方面良好，操作快速、简便，判断可靠；易做到规范化，程序化，标准化；据此建立的“适合性血小板输注”对含有血小板抗体的患者是有效的，可用于临床血小板抗体的检测和配合试验。

Application of platelet antibody detection and platelet matching test in platelet transfusion

Objective：To improve the curative effect of platelet transfusion for patients with thrombocytopenia, especially with platelet transfusion refractoriness（PTR） in order to avoid the waste of precious blood resource. Method：Platelet antibodies in patient serum were detected by monoclonal antibody solid platelet antibody test （MASPAT） , and then matching test was carried out between platelet donor and recipient. Result：Among 109 patients from June 2005 to November 2007, 42 patients had platelet antibodies （38. 5 % positive rate）, whose platelet counts obviously increased after platelet cross matching test and platelet transfusion. Conclusion： The method of MASPAT is superior on repeatability, specificity and sensitivity, and it is a fast, reliable and easily judged method. The manipulation of MASPAT is normal, programmed and standardized. MASPAT can be used in platelet antibody detection and matching test.