乙型肝炎病毒在不同丙氨酸氨基转移酶状态下对Th17、Treg细胞及其比率的影响

目的: 探讨不同载量的乙型肝炎病毒 (hepatitis B virus, HBV)在不同丙氨酸氨基转移酶 (alanine aminetransferase, ALT) 状态下对慢性乙型肝炎患者辅助性T淋巴细胞17 (helper T lymphocytes 17, Th17)、调节性T淋巴细胞 (regulatory T lymphocyte, Treg)及其比率的影响。方法: 分析兰州大学第一医院确诊为慢性乙型肝炎的患者336例,采用化学发光免疫分析仪检测乙肝抗原抗体,采用生化分析仪检测肝功能,采用荧光定量PCR分析仪检测被测者的病毒载量,采用流式细胞分析仪检测Th17、Treg细胞及其比率,其中ALT正常的乙肝患者111例(ALT<40 U/L),ALT≥正常上限且<2倍增高的慢性乙肝患者108例(40 U/L≤ALT<80 U/L),ALT≥正常上限2倍增高的慢性乙肝患者117例(ALT≥80 U/L),并且按病毒载量分为低复制组(HBV DNA<4.0 lg copies/mL),中复制组(4.0 lg copies/mL≤HBV DNA<6.0 lg copies/mL),高复制组(HBV DNA≥6.0 lg copies/mL)。采用Dunnett T3方差分析在不同ALT状态下,不同载量的乙型肝炎病毒对慢性乙型肝炎患者Th17、Treg细胞及其比率的影响。对ALT≥正常上限2倍增高的乙型肝炎患者进行抗病毒治疗24周,观察治疗前后病毒学及Th17、Treg细胞及其比率的变化。结果: 在ALT正常组及ALT≥正常上限且<2倍增高的慢性乙肝组中不同载量的乙型肝炎病毒对Th17、Treg细胞及其比率的影响差异无统计学意义,而在ALT≥正常上限2倍增高的慢性乙肝患者组中,随着病毒载量的增加,Th17(低复制组 3.18%±0.79%、中复制组 3.78%±0.92%、高复制组4.57%±1.15%)、Treg细胞 (低复制组 5.52%±1.58%、中复制组 5.89%±1.84%、高复制组6.37%±2.35%) 及其比率Th17/Treg (低复制组0.57±0.25、中复制组 0.65±0.29、高复制组 0.73±0.36) 均明显增高(P<0.05)。恩替卡韦治疗24周后,患者HBV DNA明显下降,Th17(3.89%±1.02% vs.2.06%±0.46%)、Treg细胞(6.02%±2.03% vs.5.06%±1.25%)及其比率(0.65±0.28 vs.0.41±0.14)均明显下降(P<0.05)。结论: 在不同ALT状态下HBV对Th17、Treg细胞及其比率的影响不同,可以从免疫学的角度阐明HBV对机体的影响,进一步理解以ALT分组抗病毒治疗的意义,从而有助于临床治疗。

Effects of hepatitis B virus on Th17,Treg and Th17/Treg ratio in different alanine aminetransferase stages

Objective: To evaluate the effects of hepatitis B virus (HBV) on helper T lymphocytes 17 (Th17), regulatory T lymphocyte (Treg) and Th17/Treg ratio in chronic hepatitis B patients in different alanine aminetransferase (ALT) stages. Methods: In the study, 336 chronic hepatitis B patients in the first hospital of Lanzhou University were analyzed. The hepatitis B antigen antibody parameters were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer, the liver function parameters were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer, the HBV loads were measured by quantitative PCR, Th17, Treg and Th17/Treg ratios were detected by flow cytometry. Among them, 111 cases (ALT<40 U/L) of ALT were normal hepatitis B, 108 cases of chronic hepatitis B with ALT above normal upper limit and <2 times higher (40 U/L≤ALT<80 U/L), and 117 cases of chronic hepatitis B with ALT above 2 times normal upper limit (80 U/L≤ALT). According to the viral load, they were divided into low replication group with HBV DNA < 4.0 lg copies/mL, medium replication group with 4.0 lg copies/mL≤HBV DNA<6.0 lg copies/mL and high replication group with HBV DNA ≥ 6.0 lg copies / mL. Dunnett T3 variance analysis were used to analyze the effects of HBV on Th17, Treg and Th17/Treg ratio in the chronic hepatitis B patients in different ALT stages. The changes of virological and immunological indexes before and after treatment were observed for 24 weeks of antiviral therapy in the hepatitis B patients with ALT≥double upper limit of normal group. Results: In the ALT normal group, different virus load HBV had minor effects on Th17, Treg and Th17/Treg ratio. In the ALT≥2 times upper limit of normal group, with the virus load increased, Th17 (3.18%±0.79% in low replication group, 3.78%±0.92% in medium replication group and 4.57%±1.15% in high replication group), Treg cells (5.52%±1.58% in low replication group, 5.89%±1.84% in medium replication group and 6.37%±2.35% in high replication group) and their ratio Th17/Treg (0.57±0.25 in low replication group, 0.65±0.29 in medium replication group and 0.73±0.36 in high replication group) were significantly increased (P<0.05). After entecavir treatment 24 weeks, the patient’s HBV-DNA decreased significantly, Th17 (3.89%±1.02% vs. 2.06%±0.46%), Treg (6.02%±2.03% vs. 5.06%±1.25%), Th17/Treg ratio (0.65±0.28 vs. 0.41±0.14) decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: Investigation on the effects of HBV on Th17 and Treg cells and their ratios in different ALT states can clarify the effects of HBV on the body from the immunological perspective and can further understand the ALT grouping for antiviral treatment theoretical significance, which is helpful for clinical treatment.