2006年四川大学华西医院呼吸科常见病原菌耐药分析

目的:研究2006年我院呼吸科常见病原菌对各种药物的耐药情况,为临床感染性疾病的抗菌药物选择提供实验室依据。方法:采用美国Dade公司MicroScan WalkAway96-S1和PHOENIX100全自动细菌鉴定仪进行细菌鉴定和药物敏感试验,应用WHONET5.3软件对数据进行分析。结果:2006年本院呼吸科共收集致病菌308株。革兰阴性杆菌282株占总分离率的91.56%:鲍曼/溶血不动杆菌居首位(23.38%);其次为铜绿假单胞菌(22.08%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(13.64%)、大肠埃希菌(12.66%)、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌(7.47%)、阴沟肠杆菌(6.82%)、粘质沙雷菌(2.92%)、弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌(2.60%)。革兰阳性球菌中,主要是金黄色葡萄球菌,占8.44%。几种临床常见病原菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率均较高。铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌对氨苄青霉素的耐药率在90%以上。革兰阴性杆菌中,除嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌外,其他病原菌对亚胺培南和阿米卡星的耐药率均较低。结论:2006年我院呼吸科常见病原菌耐药情况较为严重,应加强药物敏感试验监测,合理选用抗生素。

Antimicrobial Resistance of Common Pathogens Isolated from Department of Respiration in West China Hospital in 2006

Objective:To investigate the resistance of common pathogens from department of respiratory diseases in Huaxi hospital in 2006.Methods:Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of the clinical isolates were performed by MicroScan WalkAway 96-S1 and PHOENIX 100.The results were evaluated based on National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards in 2006.The data were analysed by WHONET 5.3.Results:A total of 311 Strains were collected from department of respiration in 2006.282 gram-negative bacteria were isolated.The main species were Acinetobacter baumannii/haemolyticus(23.38%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(22.08%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(13.64%),E.coli(12.66%),Strenotrophomonas maltrophlilia(7.47%),Enterbanter cloacae(6.82%),Serratia marcescens(2.92%)and Citrobacter freundii(2.60%).Resistance rates for all agents and all organisms were high.Resistance of ampicillin to Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Enterbanter coli and Enterbanter cloacae was more than 90%.Among gram-negative bacteria except for Strenotrophomonas maltrophlilia,the resistance of Imipenem was the lowest and followed by Amikacin.Conclusion:The rates of bacterial resistance and multi-drug resistance of common bacteria from department of respiration is seriously in our hospital in 2006.It is important and urgent to surveillante of the bacterial resistance for appropriate use of antibiotics.