阅读疗法在围手术期患儿护理中的应用研究

目的 探讨阅读疗法对减轻患儿术后疼痛感、缓解患儿及陪护人员围手术期焦虑状态的干预效果.方法 选择2007年8月至2009年3月住院的患儿及陪护人员作为研究对象,2007年8月至2008年5月住院的153例患儿为对照组,2008年8月至2009年3月住院的153例患儿为干预组,对照组给予常规外科护理及疾病健康教育,干预组在对照组的基础上,接受阅读疗法-应用自行设计的"住院患儿阅读疗法读本"对干预组的153例住院患儿及陪护人员进行阅读干预,应用"改良耶鲁围手术期焦虑量表"(mYRAS)、"焦虑状态-特质问卷(STAI)"和FLACC量表、"Wong-Baker面部表情量表"分别比较2组患儿及陪护人员术前焦虑程度和2组患儿术后疼痛感受的差异性.结果 干预组和对照组患儿mYRAS评分结果分别是(35.875±4.441)分和(46.796±8.606)分,2组相比,评分结果差异显著.干预组和对照组陪护人员S-AI评分结果分别是(38.125±4.371)分和(49.901±7.420)分,2组相比,评分结果差异显著.术后1h,2组患儿Wong-Baker和FLACC评分结果相比,差异无统计学意义.术后6,24 h 2组患儿Wong-Baker和FLACC评分结果相比,干预组对疼痛的感受程度不论是主观评价还是客观评价均显著低于对照组.结论 阅读疗法能有效地改善患儿及陪护人员的焦虑水平,减轻患儿术后疼痛的感受,提高患儿的舒适度,有利于患儿术后康复.

Investigation on bibliotherapy in nursing care of perioperative children

Objective To investigate the effect of bibliotherapy in soothing the postoperative pain in children and relieving the perioperative anxiety of children and their care givers. Methods Hospitalized children and their care givers from August 2007 to March 2009 were studied. 153 cases from August 2007 to May 2008 were assigned to the control group and the other 153 cases to the intervention group. Routine surgical nursing were applicated in the control group by introduction of perioperative nursing procedures.Bibliotherapy were applicated in the intervention group on the basis of the control group-using "bibliotherapy materials for hospitalized children" which was designed by ourselves and correspond with the theory of bibliotherapy to interfere in the 153 cases in the intervention group. The variance of preoperative anxiety of care givers and perceptions of postoperative pain of children between the two groups were compared with scales of mYPAS, STAI and FLACC and Wong- Baker Facial Scale. Results The scores of mYPAS in children of the intervention group and the control group was (35.875+4.441)and(46.796+8.606 )respectively and the variance was significant. The scores of STAI in care givers of the two groups was(38.125+4.371 )and (49.901 +7.420) respectively and revealed significant variance. The scores of Wong-Baker and FLACC in children of both groups 1 hour after operation were compared and revealed no statistical significance. The scores of Wong-Baker and FLACC in children at 6 hours and 24 hours postoperative were compared subjectively and objectively and revealed statistic significance. Conclusions Bibliotherapy can ameliorate the anxiety level of both children and their care givers, relieve the perception of postoperative pain in children and improve their comforts. Bibliotherapy thus conduces to the recovery of postoperative children.