植入人工耳蜗与配戴助听器儿童背景噪声下的声调识别

目的 探讨植入人工耳蜗与配戴助听器儿童在声调识别方面是否存在差异,分析背景噪声对听障儿童声调识别的影响.了解在噪声环境中听障儿童声调识别的特点.方法 采用2X4两因素混合实验设计,比较植入人工耳蜗与配戴助听器儿童在不同信噪比条件下(SNR=+12,+6,0 dB)的声调识别能力;采用单因素方差分析,比较不同声调组合识别对听障儿童的难易程度.结果 ①在重建或补偿听阈相似时,植入人工耳蜗与配戴助听器儿童声调识别能力的差异不显著;②在不同信噪比条件下,两组儿童声调识别能力的差异极其显著;③两组儿童均最易分辨一声与四声的差异,最难分辨二声与三声的差异.结论 只要重建或补偿听阈在最适范围,听障儿童便具有一定的声调识别能力,但噪声会对其产生极大的影响.

The Tone Recognition of Children with Cochlear Implants and Hearing Aids in Background Noise

objective To find the possible differences in the tone recognition abilities of hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants and hearing aids, to analyze the influence of background noise on the tone recognition of hearing-impaired children and to study the characteristics of tone recognition in noise for children. Methods The tone recognition scores for monosyllabic words at four different SNRs （quiet, ＋12 dB, ＋6 dB and 0 dB） were measured in hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants and hearing aids and two-factor analysis of variance was performed. To compare the difficulty level of the six tone contrasts, one-way ANOVA was applied. Results （1）There was no difference in the tone recognition scores between the hearing-impaired children with cochlear implants and those with hearing aids when provided with the same aided hearing; （2） At the different SNRs, the tone recognition abilities showed significant differences between the two groups of children; （3）For the six tone contrasts, it was the most difficult to distinguish between tone 2 and tone 3, while the contrast of tone 1 and tone 4 was the easiest. Conclusion The types of hearing devices have no significant influence on the tone recognition of hearing-impaired children, but the background noise can produce an enormous effect on this ability.