三叉神经根与周围血管关系及其临床意义

目的：研究三叉神经与小脑动脉、岩静脉等之间的关系，为临床三叉神经痛诊治提供解剖学资基础。方法：解剖20例（40侧）湿整颅标本，打开颅盖，去除硬脑膜后，小心切除大脑组织保留小脑及脑干，打开小脑幕，观察三叉神经根和小脑动脉、岩静脉间的关系，并拍照，最后测量它们之间的距离。结果：有17．4％（8支）岩静脉主干或属支与三叉神经根接触，6．5％（3支）主干或属支压迫神经根，42．5％（17支）小脑上动脉与三叉神经根接触，12.5％（5支）压迫神经根，27．5％（11支）小脑下前动脉与三叉神经接触或压迫。结论：小脑上动脉、小脑下前动脉为造成三叉神经痛的主要责任动脉，而岩静脉不仅是造成三叉神经痛原因之一而且与临床手术关系密切。

The relationship between root of trigeminal nerve and adjacent vessels and its clinical significance

Objective: To study the relationship between trigeminal nerve,cerebellar arteries and petrosal veins, and provide anatomic bases for clinical diagnosis and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. Methods: 20 head specimens (40 sides) were dissected. Calvaria and dura mater was opened and removed. After cleaning the cerebrum and exploring the tentorium of cerebellum carefully, the relationship between trigeminal nerve, cerebellar arteries and petrosal veins was analyzed and taken photos. The distances among above structures were measured lately. Results: The main trunk or tributaries of petrosal vein of 8 specimens (17.4%) contacted with trigeminal nerve,of 3 specimens (6.5%) compressed it. Superior cerebellar artery of 17 specimens (42.5%) contacted with trigeminal nerve,of 5 specimens (12.5%) compressed it. Anterior inferior cerebellar artery of 11 specimens (27.5%) contacted or compressed trigeminal nerve. Conclusions: Superior cerbellar artery and anterior inferior cerebellar artery are responsible for trigeminal neuralgia. Petrosal vein is one reason for trigeminal neuralgia, which must be dealt with clinical operation closely.