组织工程软骨修复兔关节软骨缺损的初步研究

目的 探讨运用组织工程软骨植入修复兔胫骨平台外侧髁全关节软骨浅层缺损的可行性。方法 取2周龄乳兔软骨细胞体外培养传代至第3代后，与人胎盘I型胶原蛋白海绵复合后植入成年兔的胫骨体平台外侧髁浅层完全软骨缺损区，并设立空白对照组，分别于术后4、12和24周取材，观察修复效果。结果 实验组术后4周缺损表面未见明显的新生软骨形成；12周，缺损表面有少量的新生软骨形成，组织学切片上可见软骨细胞呈边缘不规则的，小蜂窝状结构，软骨细胞周围有软骨陷窝形成；24周，缺损表面的新生软骨较4、12周的新生软骨明显，表面光滑，且与周围组织结合紧密，但仍存在部分缺损尚未修复。组织学切片上可见软骨陷窝形成，并分泌甲苯胺蓝异染的软骨基质。面对照组则均未见明显的修复。结论 制成的组织工程软骨对兔胫骨平台软骨浅层完全缺损有修复作用，但不能完全修复缺损。

PRIMARY RESEARCH OF REPAIRING LARGE ARTICULAR CARTILAGE DEFECT BY TISSUE-ENGINEERING CARTILAGE IN RABBITS

Objective To investigate the feasibility of repairing the whole layer defects of tibial plateau by implanting tissue-engineering cartilage. Methods The chondrocytes of 2-week-old rabbits were cultured and transferred to the 3rd generation, and mixed with human placenta collagenl-sponge. The whole layer defects of tibial plateau in adult rabbits were repaired by the tissue-engineering cartilage in the experimental group; the defects were left un-repaired in control group. The repair results of defects were observed after 4, 12 and 24 weeks. Results In experimental group, no obvious new cartilage formation was seen 4 weeks after operation; some new cartilage formation was found after 12 weeks. Histological observation showed that chondrocytes had irregular edge, honeycombing structure and that cartilage cavities formed around the chondrocytes. After 24 weeks, obvious new cartilage formation was found with smooth surface, and linked with the tissues around it, but the defect was not repaired completely; histological results showed that cartilage cavities formed and that cartilage matrix was stained positively for toluidine blue . In control group, the defect was not repaired. Conclusion The tissue-engineering cartilage can repair the defects of the whole layer cartilage of tibial plateau in rabbits, it is feasible to repair the whole layer cartilage defects of tibial plateau by this method.