健康教育对精神分裂症患者陪护亲属认知水平的影响

目的 探讨针对性健康教育对精神分裂症患者陪护亲属认知水平的影响,为提高其监护质量提供依据.方法将100名精神分裂症患者陪护亲属随机分为观察组和对照组各50名,观察组开展一对一针对性健康教育和心理护理,对照组予以常规健康教育讲座.观察患者住院全程.于患者出院前1 d采用自拟调查表评定两组陪护亲属的认知状况,统计两组患者自杀、外走、伤人、毁物发生率. 结果患者出院时,观察组陪护亲属对精神分裂症的概念、治疗、转归及预防的认知状况评分均显著高于对照组（P〈0.01）;患者的自杀未遂、外走行为、外走企图、伤人行为、伤人倾向、毁物现象、毁物倾向的发生率均显著低于对照组（P〈0.05或0.01）. 结论 针对性健康教育能显著提高精神分裂症患者陪护亲属的认知能力与监护质量,对预防意外事件的发生具有显著效应,更有利于帮助患者早日回归社会.

Health education on cognition of relatives of schizophrenia patients

Objective To explore the effect of intensive health education on cognitive level of the accompa- nying relatives of schizophrenia patients. Methods 100 accompanying relatives of schizophrenia were di- vided into study group and control group randomly. The control group was given routine health education, and the study group given one-to-one health education and mental nursing. Self-made investigation scale was used to access the cognition of the relatives at one day before discharge. Results The score of recognition of the study group was higher than that of control group. The incidences of attempted suicide, escape behavior and attempt, hurt behavior and attempt to others, destroy behavior and attempt of the schizophrenia patients in study group were lower than in control group （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Intensive health education can improve the cognition and guardianship quality of the accompanying relatives of schizophrenia patients, and benefit to return social early.