颅外椎动脉和侧支吻合的解剖学研究及其临床意义

目的 :观察颅外椎动脉段及其侧支吻合情况 ,并探讨其临床意义。方法 :在 4 0具 80侧经防腐处理的成人尸体标本上 ,观察颅外椎动脉各段的走行、分支及其侧支吻合情况 ,测量各段起点的外径、长度。结果 :前两段左侧椎动脉起点直径大于右侧 ,左右比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而各段长度比较无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;椎动脉与颈动脉间有广泛的吻合 ,一般为细小的肌支吻合 ,椎动脉与枕动脉间的血管吻合比较恒定。结论 :颅外椎动脉各段测量结果对椎动脉重建术有重要参考价值 ;其侧支吻合是椎动脉代偿机制的重要解剖学基础之一 ,在椎基底动脉供血不足发病中有重要的意义

Anatomical study of extracranial vertebral artery and collateral anastomoses and its clinical significance

Objective: To observe the morphological pattern of extracranial vertebral artery and collateral anastomoses and discuss its clinical significance. Method: The courses, branches, collateral anastomoses, outer diameters and length of the extracranial vertebral artery were investigated on the cadaverous specimens of 80 sides of 40 adults. Results: Compared with the right side, the outer diameter of former two segments of the left side was much larger significant difference (P<0.05), but the left and right side showed no significant difference (P>0.05) in the length of vertebral artery; wide-ranging anastomoses was found between vertebral artery and carotid,and most of the anastomoses was formed by muscular branches. The constant anastomoses was found between vertebral artery and occipital arteries. Conclusion: The results of the measurement of the extracranial vertebral artery have important reference value to the reconstruction of the vertebral artery; the collateral anastomoses of the extracranial vertebral artery is an important anatomical basis for compensatory mechanism of the vertebral artery, which plays an important role in the etiology of vertebraobasilar insufficiency.