广东和云南部分地区艾滋病患者中隐孢子虫感染的调查分析

目的 了解艾滋病患者中隐孢子虫的感染状况.方法 收集广东和云南省部分地区艾滋病患者的粪便,采用改良的抗酸染色法和免疫荧光染色法检测隐孢子虫卵囊;并同时检测患者的CD4细胞计数.结果 212例艾滋病患者粪便标本中9例标本为阳性,感染率为4.25%.广东和云南的艾滋病患者隐孢子虫感染率分别为4.00%(5/126)和4.65%(4/86),两地之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);稀便与软便中的隐孢子虫卵囊检出率分别为12.00%(3/25)和3.21%(6/187),其差异无统计学意义(校正χ2=2.31,P＞0.05);男性与女性艾滋病患者隐孢子虫感染率分别为5.07%(7/138)和2.70%(2/74),其差异无统计学意义(校正χ2=0.21,P＞0.05);50～59岁组隐孢子虫感染率高于30～39岁组的感染率(校正χ2=7.15,P＜0.01);接受抗病毒治疗组与未接受治疗组艾滋病患者隐孢子虫感染率分别为1.12%(2/179)和21.21%(7/33),两者差异有统计学意义(校正χ2=18.54,P=0.0000);艾滋病晚期,尤其是CD4细胞计数少于100个/μl的患者其发病率明显提高.结论 我国南方艾滋病患者中存在着隐孢子虫感染,但发病率明显低于国外报道;艾滋病患者的便形、性别及所处地区不能预示隐孢子虫感染率;抗病毒治疗能降低隐孢子虫病感染率,艾滋病患者的隐孢子虫感染多发生在疾病的终末期.

Detection of cryptosporidium infection among AIDS patients in Guangdong and Yunnan

Objective To investigate the infection of Cryptosporidium and its epidemiologicul characteristics in AIDS patients of Southern China. Methods Stool samples eolleted from AIDS cinfirmed patients. The samples were detected for ooeyst of Cryptesporidium by acid fast bacteria stain and indirect fluorescent antibody stain respectively, CD4 eount was detected by Flow Cytometry. Results 212 samples of fresh stool obtained from the AIDS patients who live in Guangdong and Yunnan province. The total infection rate of Cryptesporidium in AIDS patients was 4.25% (9/212), the infectious rate of ooeyst in the group of 50-59 yeats old was signifieantly higher than those in 30-39 (P ＜ 0.01); the infectious rate of oocyst in patients with antiretrovind therapy(ART) was also significantly lower (P = 0.0000);we found the patients coinfected with Cryptosporidium with CD4 count all below 100 cells/μl. However, there were no any difference between the infectious rate to the patient's gender, areas and stool shape. Conclusion AIDS patients infected by Cryptesporidium are not rare in southern China, and the infectious rate was lower than western country. Patients reeeived ART could decrease the infectious rate of Cryptesporidium, Cryptosporidium always happen in patient whose CD4 count was very low(＜ 100 cells/μl).