早期发育支持护理对早产儿生长发育的影响

目的探讨早期发育支持护理对早产儿生长发育的影响。方法将132例同期转入NICU的早产儿按随机数字表法分为干预组67例和对照组65例，两组患者遵医嘱给予常规治疗护理的基础上，干预组患儿实施早期发育支持护理干预，即出生后24h内建立新生儿监护期、病情恢复期及婴幼儿期随访为一体的早期发育支持护理模式；对照组按传统的方法施行早产儿常规护理。结果干预组早产儿腹胀缓解时间、吸吮吞咽功能建立时间、达足量喂养时间、体重增长分别为（2．57±1．02）h，（5．27±1．32）d，（9．37士2．03）d，（14．87±2．15）g／d，对照组分别为（5．32±2．19）h，（8．75±2．14）d，（13．62±2．87）d，（11．42±2．74）g／d，两组比较差异有统计学意义（t分别为9．29，11．28，9．85，8．06；P〈0．01）。干预组对安慰的反应、前臂弹回速度、下肢弹回速度、手握持能力得分分别为（1．83土0．15），（1．78±0．21），（1．75±0．18），（1．85±0．13）分，对照组分别为（1．34±0．27），（1．31±0．29），（1．28±0．25），（1．43-i-0．27）分，两组比较差异均有统计学意义（t分别为12．94，10．69，12．42，11．44；P〈0．01）。干预组应用静脉营养时间、监护时间、住暖箱时间及住院时间分别为（8．51±2．04），（5．63±2．17），（8．52±2．15），（14．17±2．43）d，对照组分别为（12．87±2．52），（8．94±2．82），（13．87±3．64），（21．67±3．51）d，两组间差异均有统计学意义（t分别为10．94，7．57，10．32，14．31；P〈0．01）。两组早产儿随访3，6，12个月，干预组发育商高于对照组，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论早期发育支持护理促进了婴儿生长发育，改善其预后，提高了早产儿存活率及其生存质量。

Effect of early development of supportive nursing on the growth and development of premature infants

Objective To explore the-effect of early development of supportive care on the growth and development of premature infants. Methods Totals of 132 premature infants transferred to the NICU over the same period were randomly divided into two groups, the intervention group （n = 67 ） and control group （n = 65 ）. On the base of conventional treatment and nursing of two groups, the intervention group received early development of nursing intervention, and the model included that establishing neonatal intensive care period within 24 h after birth, following up during the illness recovery period and the period of infant children. While the control group received the traditional care for premature infants. Results The relief time for bloating, set-up time in sucking swallowing function, up to sufficient quantities of feeding time, and the growth of body weight in the intervention group were （2.57±1.02）h, （5.27 ±1.32）d, （9.37±2.03） d, （ 14.87±2.15） g/d,and those of the control group were （5.32±2.19） h, （8.75±2.14） d, （13.62±2.87） d, （11.42±2.74） g/d, and differences between two groups were statistically significant （ t = 9.29,11.28,9.85,8.06, respectively ; P 〈 0.01 ）. The average score of response to console, forearm bounce rate, lower limbs bounce speed, handholding capacity of the intervention group, respectively, was （ 1.83± O. 15 ）, （ 1.78±0.21 ）, （ 1.75 ±0.18 ） and （ 1.85 ＋ 0.13 ）, and that of the control group was （ 1.34±0.27）, （ 1.3± 0.29）, （ 1.28±0.25 ） and （ 1.43±0.27 ）, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant（ t = 12.94,10.69,12.42,11.44, respectively ;P 〈 0.01 ）. The parenteral nutrition time, monitoring time, living incubator time and hospital stay time in intervention group, respectively,were （8.51 ＋2.04）, （5.63±2.17）, （8.52 ±2.15）, （ 14.17 ＋2.43） d, and those of control group were （ 12.87±2.52）, （ 8.94±2.82）, （ 13.87±3.64）, （ 21.67 ±3.51 ） d, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant （ t = 10.94,7.57,10.32,14.31, respectively; P 〈O. O1 ）. Two groups were followed up respectively in 3,6,12 months, development quotient values of intervention group was significantly higher than that of control group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions The early development of supportive care can promote infant growth and development, improve the outcome and improve the survival rate of preterm infants and their quality of life.