海南省2003年农村地区恶性肿瘤回顾性调查

了解海南省农村地区癌谱分布状况，为恶性肿瘤的防治提供科学依据。方法从16个市县各抽取一个乡镇居民户中收集2003年首次确诊或死亡的恶性肿瘤（包括神经系统良性肿瘤）病例，并进行个案调查。结果2003年农村地区的恶性肿瘤的发病和死亡病例平均年龄分别是56．4岁和56．9岁。发病率和死亡率分别为38．21／10万（标化率40．76／10万）和35．33／10万（标化率37．7／10万）。发病率和死亡率均以肝癌（13．35／10万和10．99／万）和肺癌（8．64／10万和7．59／10万）为主，其次是胃癌、食道癌；乳腺癌（1．69／10万和3．93／10万）在女性中排位第三。男性恶性肿瘤的发病率和死亡率明显高于女性。恶性肿瘤年龄别发病率和死亡率均是随着年龄的增长而逐步升高。结论恶性肿瘤在我省农村地区占有主要地位，应加强监测报告和三级保健网络的建设，提高恶性肿瘤的防治能力。

Retrospective survey of malignant tumor in countryside areas in Hainan Province in 2003

Objective To survey the distribution of tumor in rural areas in Hainan province.Methods The cases of the first time final diagnosis of malignant tumors(including tumor of nervous system and benign tumor)and death induced by them were collected from inhabitants in townships of 16 counties in 2003.Results The average age of mobility and death caused by malignant tumor was 56.4 and 56.9 years old in rural area.The morbidity and mortality were 38.21/100,000 (standard rate 40.76/100,000)and 35.33/100,000(standard rate 37.7/100,000),in which liver cancer and lung cancer was 13.35/100,000,10.99/100,000 and 8.64/100,000,7.59/100,000,respectively,ranking the first and higher than gastric cancer and esophageal carcinoma.The morbidity and mortality of breast cancer in female cases ranked the third place,being 1.69/ 100,000 and 3.93/100,000,while that of malignant tumor were higher in male than that in female.The morbidity and martality of malignant tumor increased significantly along with the incease of age.Conclusion Malignant tumor is one of the main disease in ruralarea in this province and thus effective measures be taken including the sound establishment of three level health care netwoek,strengthenind monitoring work and uptake the capacity in control of tumors.