盐酸纳络酮对兔酒精中毒后脑外伤早期脑血流的影响

目的研究盐酸纳络酮(NAL)对兔急性酒精中毒后脑外伤早期脑血流动力学及脑血管形态变化的影响。方法家兔20只,随机分为NAL治疗组和生理盐水对照组,每组10只。乙醇灌胃法致使家兔急性酒精中毒,自由落体直接打击颅骨法制作实验性颅脑损伤模型。治疗组在伤后30min静注NAL2mg/kg,以后每隔60min重复注射一次。采用经颅多普勒(TCD)超声结合脑血管造影等方法,于伤前及伤后一定时间测定平均动脉压(MABP)、颅内压(ICP)、大脉中动脉舒张期流速(Vd)、脉搏指数(PI)、脑血管直径指数(CVI),进行统计学分析。结果两组动物伤后MABP明显下降,ICP及PI值显著升高,Vd明显减慢,CVI显著减小。NAL治疗后与治疗前及对照组各相对时间比较,MABP显著升高(P<0.05),Vd显著增快(P<0.01),PI值明显降低(P<0.01),CVI明显增大(P<0.05),TCD频谱接近正常。结论NAL(2mg/kg)可逆转酒精中毒所致的兔颅脑损伤后发生的显著的低血压及脑血管收缩、并可降低脑血管阻力,改善微循环,增加脑血流量,对兔急性酒精中毒后脑外伤有治疗作用。

The effect of hydrochloride naloxone on early changes of cerebral blood flow after traumatic brain injury in alcohol - intoxicated rabbits

Objective To study the effect of naloxone on early changes of cerebral blood flow after traumatic brain injury in alcohol-intoxicated rabbits.Methods 20 rabbits were randomly and equally divided into 2 groups(A and B), the animals had been artificially intoxicated by alcohol, were used for the establishment of model of traumatic brain injury according to Feeney method. The animals in the group B were then treated with naloxone while the other group served as control. The changes of mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), intracranial pressure(ICP), middle cerebral artery flow velocity(Vd), pulsatility index (PI) and cerebral vesscular index (CVI) were measured at different moments before and after head injury. Results The MABP, Vd and CVI significantly increased(P<0.05), while the PI markedly declined (P<0.01) in the naloxone treated group. Conclusions The naloxone can decrease the resistance of cerebral blood vessels, improving the microcirculation and increase the cerebral blood flow, is beneficial in the treatment of traumatic brain injury in alcohol-intoxicated rabbits.