健康教育及盆底肌训练对产后盆底功能障碍的影响

目的:探讨健康教育和盆底肌训练对产后盆底功能障碍的防治效果。方法:选择复旦大学附属妇产科医院2015年1月—3月产后42 d来复诊的足月单胎初产妇312例,根据孕期及产褥期是否接受健康教育及盆底肌训练分为训练组和对照组,训练组64例,对照组248例。测定盆底肌肌力,进行盆腔器官脱垂定量(pelvic organ prolapse quantitation,POP-Q)评分和尿垫试验及性生活质量问卷调查等,产后6个月复查。结果:训练组产后6个月盆底肌肌力、盆腔脏器脱垂发生率、性生活质量与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),两组尿垫试验阳性率差异无统计学意义;产后42 d各项检测结果差异均无统计学意义。结论:孕期及产褥期开展健康教育及盆底肌训练有助于防治产后盆底功能障碍的发生。

Effect of Health Education and Pelvic Muscle Training on Postpartum Pelvic Floor Dysfunction

Objective: To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effect of health education and pelvic muscle training on postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction. Methods:A total of 312 full-term single-fetus primiparas, who came to Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University for further consultation 42 days after delivery, were enrolled from Jan. 2015 to Mar. 2015. And they were divided into exercise group and control group according to whether they had received health education and pelvic floor muscle exercise during pregnancy and puerperium.There were 64 cases in exercise group and 248 cases in control group. The pelvic floor muscle strength testing, pelvic organ prolapse quantitation(POP-Q) score, urine pad test, and questionnaire of sexual life quality were conducted. And they were conducted again six months after delivery. Results:Six months after delivery, the pelvic floor muscle strength, occurrence rate of pelvic organ prolapse and sexual quality of life in exercise group were all significantly better than those in control group (P<0.05),however there was no significant difference regarding the positive rate of urine pad test.There was no significant difference regarding all those measures 42 days after delivery. Conclusions:Health education and pelvic muscle training is conducive to prevent and treat postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction.