住院老年患者肌少症患病率及相关因素分析

目的观察住院老年患者肌少症患病率及相关影响因素。方法纳入2018年11月—2020年1月在江苏省省级机关医院的住院老年患者445例,所有研究对象完成生物电抗阻分析测定、6 m步速测试及握力测试,根据检测结果分为肌少症组(n=173)与无肌少症组(n=272),分析肌少症发生的影响因素。结果住院老年患者肌少症检出率为38.88%,男性37.77%、女性40.72%。与无肌少症组相比,肌少症组年龄更大(P=0.001),身体质量指数(BMI)更低(P<0.001),合并认知功能障碍、抑郁、营养不良和骨质疏松比例更高(P<0.001),合并糖尿病比例更低(P=0.005)。2组在性别、教育程度、吸烟、多重用药、跌倒等方面差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(OR=1.406,95%CI:1.050~1.884,P=0.022)、BMI(OR=0.223,95%CI:0.152~0.328,P<0.001)、抑郁(OR=3.925,95%CI:1.439~10.708,P=0.008)及骨质疏松(OR=2.626,95%CI:1.542~4.471,P<0.001)是住院老年患者肌少症的影响因素。结论应及时对住院的高龄、抑郁、骨质疏松症、低BMI患者进行肌少症筛查,防止躯体功能进一步退化。

Analysis of prevalence and related factors of sarcopenia in hospitalized elderly patients

Objective To investigate the prevalence and related influencing factors of sarcopenia in hospitalized elderly patients.Methods From November 2018 to January 2020,a total of 445 hospitalized elderly patients in Provincial Government Office Hospital of Jiangsu Province were enrolled in this study.All subjects completed the measurement of bioelectrical impedance analysis,6 m walking speed test and grip strength test.According to the test results,they were divided into sarcopenia group(n=173)and non-sarcopenia group(n=272),and the influencing factors of sarcopenia were analyzed.Results The detection rate of sarcopenia in these patients was 38.88%,37.77%for men and 40.72%for women.Compared with the nonsarcopenia group,the sarcopenia group had a higher age(P=0.001),lower body mass index(BMI)(P<0.001),a higher rate of cognitive dysfunction,depression,malnutrition and osteoporosis(P<0.001),and a lower rate of diabetes mellitus(P=0.005).There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in gender,education level,smoking,multiple medications and fall(P>0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=1.406,95%CI:1.050-1.884,P=0.022),BMI(OR=0.223,95%CI:0.152-0.328,P<0.001),depression(OR=3.925,95%CI:1.439-10.708,P=0.008),and osteoporosis(OR=2.626,95%CI:1.542-4.471,P<0.001)were the influencing factors of sarcopenia in elderly in-patients.Conclusion In geriatrics wards,patients with advanced age,depression,osteoporosis,low BMI should be screened for sarcopenia in time,so as to help them delay functional decline.