老年糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化的相关危险因素分析

目的分析影响老年糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化的危险因素。方法分析2015年7月-2020年6月安徽医科大学附属巢湖医院内分泌科门诊收治95例2型糖尿病患者的病例资料,根据是否存在颈动脉粥样硬化分为颈动脉粥样硬化组(n=56)和非颈动脉粥样硬化组(n=39)。收集2组患者临床基本资料、体格检查结果、生化指标和颈动脉内-中膜厚度,分析老年2型糖尿病合并颈动脉粥样硬化的危险因素和颈动脉硬化危险因素与斑块厚度的相关性。结果多因素分析发现,年龄、收缩压、C反应蛋白(CRP)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、餐后2小时血糖(2hBG)、甘油三脂(TG)是老年2型糖尿病合并颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。收缩压、CRP、LDL-C、2hBG与颈动脉内-中膜厚度具有明显相关性(P<0.05)。结论老年2型糖尿病患者颈动脉硬化的独立危险因素有收缩压、2hBG、TG、CRP和LDL-C。大部分2型糖尿病患者确诊时已出现颈动脉粥样硬化,因此,应及早发现和干预,改善患者预后。

Analysis of risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in elderly diabetic patients

Objective To explore the risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods The clinical data of 95 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to Department of Endocrinology,Chaohu Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from July 2015 to June 2020 were analyzed.They were divided into carotid atherosclerosis group(n=56)and non-carotid atherosclerosis group(n=39)according to the presence or absence of carotid atherosclerosis.The clinical data,physical examination results,biochemical indexes and carotid intima-media thickness of the two groups were collected.The risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the correlation between carotid atherosclerosis risk factors and plaque thickness were analyzed.Results Multivariate analysis showed that age,systolic blood pressure,C-reactive protein(CRP),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2 hPBG)and triglyceride(TG)were independent risk factors of carotid atherosclerosis in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(P<0.05).Systolic blood pressure,CRP,LDL-C,2 hPBG were significantly correlated with carotid intima-media thickness(P<0.05).Conclusion The independent risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus include systolic blood pressure,2 hPBG,TG,CRP and LDL-C.Most patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have developed carotid atherosclerosis when they are diagnosed.Therefore,early detection and intervention should be carried out to improve the prognosis of patients.