自然杀伤细胞受体及抗肿瘤研究进展

自然杀伤(NK)细胞受体研究的进展对NK细胞如何选择性的识别和杀伤肿瘤细胞、病毒感染细胞而避免杀伤正常细胞的认识发生了革命性的变化。NK细胞表面的主要抑制性和活化性受体包括杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体,C型凝集素受体家族,自然细胞毒受体等。临床资料显示,异基因骨髓移植中供受者之间杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体-配体错配引发的异源反应性NK细胞活性可以防止白血病细胞复发。本文主要阐述NK细胞的受体是如何调控NK细胞的杀伤活性及调控NK受体-配体间相互作用提高抗肿瘤效应的方法。

Progress in Natural Killer cell Receptors and Antineoplastic Effects

Progress in the field of NK cell receptors has revolutionized our concept of how NK cells selectively recognize and lyse tumor and virally infected cells while sparing normal cells.Major families of cell surface receptors that inhibit and activate NK cells to lyse target cells have been characterized,including killer cell immunoglobulin like receptors(KIRs),C-type lectins,and natural cytotoxicity receptors(NCRs).Clinical data suggest that mismatch of NK receptors and ligands during allogeneic bone marrow transplantation may be used to prevent leukemia relapse.Here,we review how NK cell receptors control natural cytotoxicity and novel approaches to manipulate NK receptor-ligand interactions for the increased antineoplastic effects.