去甲基化在白血病上的研究进展

DNA甲基化是白血病表观遗传学改变中较常见的改变。在白血病的发展中，甲基化对基因表达的调控和基因结构的稳定起着重要的作用。造血干细胞移植和化疗是目前治疗白血病的常用方法？遗憾的是，合适的移植供者难以找到，而且白血病的复发和耐药是化疗中的大问题。由于甲基化的可逆性，降低甲基化水平的药物就成了治疗白血病的新手段。地西他滨是用于降低甲基化的常用药物。本文对甲基化与肿瘤、甲基化与血液病，甲基化的检测方法和去甲基化治疗等问题进行了综述。

Advance of study on demethylation in leukemia - review

DNA methylation is a frequent change in epigenetics of leukemia. In the development of leukemia, methylation plays an important role in the genetic expression regulation and genetic structure stabilization. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and chemotherapy are the common methods to cure leukemia at present. Unfortunately, it is very hard to find suitable donor for transplantation, while the relapse and drug resistance are the unresolved problems in chemotherapy. Because of the reversibility of methylation, the drugs reducing the level of methylation become a new way to cure leukemia. Decitabine is the most common medicament used to reduce the level of methylation. In this article, the methylation and tumor, methylation and hematologic diseases, methylation detection methods, demethylation therapy in leukemia and so on are reviewed.