东莞市毛线及粉尘厂工人肺功能及其与空气污染的相关性分析

目的：探讨该市毛线及粉尘厂工人群体肺功能及其与空气污染的相关性分析。方法入选519名毛线厂（毛线组）及503名粉尘厂（粉尘组）工人（统称研究组），并以326名健康体检者作为对照（对照组），采用呼吸仪进行肺功能检测。对以上厂区及非厂区社区进行空气采样，进行二氧化硒（SO2）、二氧化氮（NO2）、二氧化硅（SaO2）、棉尘及其他PM2．5物质浓度测定，并分析肺功能与上述五者浓度的相关性。结果与对照组比较，粉尘组、毛线组工人的肺活量（VC ）、用力肺活量（FVC ）、最大通气量（MVV）、第一秒用力呼气容积（FEV1．0）及第一秒用力呼气量与用力肺活量比值（FEV1．0％）均降低（P＜0．05），但毛线组及粉尘组之间的VC及FVC组间差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05），而两组间的MVV、FEV1．0及FEV1．0％差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05），粉尘组明显低于毛线组。空气污染情况方面，毛线厂区棉尘浓度显著高于粉尘厂区及非厂区社区（P＜0．05），而SO2、NO2、SaO2及其他PM2．5物质显著低于粉尘厂区，且任意两组间的浓度差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。Pearson相关性分析显示SO2、NO2、SaO2、棉尘及其他PM2．5物质浓度五者当中任意一者，均与VC、FVC、M VV、FEV1．0及FEV1．0％五者当中任意一者呈显著负相关性（均 r＞0．60，均 P＜0．05）。结论该市部分厂区空气污染较重且工人肺功能受损；毛线厂区棉尘含量高、粉尘厂区SO2含量高，可能是该市毛线及粉尘厂工人群体肺功能受损的主要因素。

Correlation between pulmonary function and air pollutant emissions for woolen and dust factory workers in Dongguan city

Objective To explore the correlation between the pulmonary function and air pollutant emissions for the woolen and dust factory workers in Dongguan city .Methods Totally 519 yarn factory (wool group) and 503 dust factory (dust group) workers ,and 326 individuals (control group) undergoing the healthy physical examination were selected ,the respirometer was a‐dopted to detect the pulmonary function .The air sampling was carried out in the above factory areas and non‐factory communities , then the concentrations of silicon dioxide (SO2 ) ,nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) ,silica (SaO2 ) ,cotton and other PM2 .5 mass were meas‐ured ,and their correlation with the lung function was analyzed .Results Compared with the control group ,the forced vital capacity (VC) ,forced vital capacity (FVC) ,maximal voluntary ventilation(MVV) ,first second forced expiratory volume (FEV1 .0) and ra‐tio of first second forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity (FEV1 .0 % ) in the workers of wool group and dust group were decreased (P<0 .05) ,while VC and FVC had no statistical differences between the wool group and dust group ,but MVV , FEV1 .0 and FEV1 .0% had statistical difference between these two groups (P<0 .05) ,moreover the dust group was significantly lower than the wool group (P<0 .05) .In the comparison of air pollution ,the cotton dust concentration in the yarn factory area was significantly higher than that in the dust factory area and the non‐factory community (P<0 .05) ,while SO2 ,NO2 ,SaO2 and other PM2 .5 substances were significantly lower than those in the dust factory area ,but significantly higher than those in the non‐factory community ,moreover the above five concentrations had statistical differences between any two groups (P<0 .05) .The Pearson cor‐relation analysis showed that any one of SO2 ,NO2 ,SaO2 ,cotton dust and other PM2 .5 substance concentrations had significantly negative correlation with any one of VC ,FVC ,MVV ,FEV1 .0 and FEV1 .0% (r>0 .60 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion The air pollution in the partial factories in our city is heavier and the lung function of workers are injured ;the cotton dust content is high in the yarn factories area and the SO2 content is high in the dust factories ,which may be the main factors of the lung function injury in the woolen yarn and dust factory workers .