Ovarian carcinomas: five distinct diseases with different origins,genetic alterations,and clinicopathological features |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Jaime?PratEmail author |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Sant Quinti 87-89, 08041 Barcelona, Spain |
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Abstract: | Malignant epithelial tumors (carcinomas) are the most common ovarian cancers and also the most lethal gynecological malignancies.
Based on histopathology and molecular genetic alterations, ovarian carcinomas are divided into five main types (high-grade
serous (70%), endometrioid (10%), clear cell (10%), mucinous (3%), and low-grade serous carcinomas (<5%)) that account for
over 95% of cases. These types are essentially distinct diseases, as indicated by differences in epidemiological and genetic
risk factors, precursor lesions, patterns of spread, and molecular events during oncogenesis, response to chemotherapy, and
prognosis. For a successful specific treatment, reproducible histopathological diagnosis of the tumor cell type is critical.
The five tumor types are morphologically diverse and resemble carcinomas of the uterus. Actually, recent investigations have
demonstrated that a significant number of cancers, traditionally thought to be primary ovarian tumors (particularly serous,
endometrioid, and clear cell carcinomas), originate in the fallopian tube and the endometrium and involve the ovary secondarily.
This review summarizes recent advances in the molecular pathology which have greatly improved our understanding of the biology
of ovarian carcinoma and are also relevant to patient management. |
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Keywords: | |
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