高铅血症与儿童注意缺陷多动障碍发病率的研究

目的探讨高铅血症儿童中注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的发病率。方法收集1047例高铅血症（血铅≥100μg/L）儿童，按性别及年龄分别分组。血铅使用原子吸收光谱仪测定。结果1047例高铅血症儿童中共确诊ADHD179例，总发病率为17．09％。男童中ADHD的发病率为18．90％，高于女童ADHD的发病率10．36％，（P〈0．005）。226例〈6岁儿童ADHD发病率为3．98％，821例6～15岁儿童ADHD发病率为20．71％，2组发病率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．005）。6～15岁儿童组中确诊ADHD170例，按性别分组后661例男童中ADHD的发病率为22．39％，高于160例女童中ADHD的发病率13．75％，（P〈0．025）。结论高铅血症中〈6岁儿童ADHD发病率显著低于6～15岁儿童。6～15岁男童的ADHD发病率显著高于女童。

Study on the incidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children with high level of blood lead

Objective To investigate the incidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with high level of blood lead. Methods 1 047 children whose blood lead level was ≥ 100 μg/L were classified according to their sex and age. The level of blood lead was determined by automatic absorption spectrometer. Results 179 of 1047 children with ADHD were diagnosed with high level of blood lead. The total incidence of ADHD was 17.09%. The incidence of ADHD in boy group (18.90%) was higher than that in girl group (10.36%) (P < 0.005). The incidence of ADHD in the 821 children aged 6-15 years (20.71%) was significantly higher than that in the 226 children aged <6 years (3.98%) (P <0. 005). Among the children aged 6-15 years, 170 children were diagnosed as ADHD. The incidence of ADHD in boy group (661 boys) (22.39%) was significantly higher than that in girl group (160 girls) (13.75 %) (P < 0.025). Conclusions The incidence of ADHD in the children aged 6-15 years is significantly higher than that in the children aged < 6 years. The incidence of ADHD in boys aged 6-15 years is significantly higher than that in girls.