癌基因K-ras、C-myc、erbB-2的激活与非小细胞肺癌组织学类型相关性研究

为探讨癌基因突变、扩增与非小细胞肺癌发生及类型间的关系，应用核酸杂交的方法检测了63伤1肺手术标本中（腺癌19例，鳞癌23例，腺鳞癌3例，大细胞癌3例，小细胞癌3例，其它12例）三种癌基因（c－myc、K－ras、erbB－2）的扩增及突变。实验结果显示：50％（24／48）的非小细胞癌分别出现三种癌基因的激活；31．6％（6／19）的腺癌出现K－ras12密码子突变及K－ras扩增；30．4％（7／23）的鳞癌有erbB－2扩增；10．4％（5／48）的非小细胞癌存在c－myc扩增。提示K－ras突变可能为肺腺癌所特有，而erbB－2扩增是肺鳞癌发生的重要因素。

Association between Activation of K-ras,erbB-2,c-myc and Histological Types of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Amplification and mutation of c-myc, K-ras, erbB-2 were determined in surgical specirpens from 63 cases of lung cancer by hybridization (adenocarcinoma 19, squamous cell carcinoma 23, adeno-squamous cell carcinoma 3, large cell carcinoma 3, small cell carcinoma 3 and other cancers 12). The results showed that activation of the three oncogens was seen in 50% (24/48) and that mutation of K-ras 12 codon and amplification of K-ras were observed in 31. 6% (6/19) of adenocarcinomas; amplification of erbB-2 in 30.4% (7/23) of squamous cell carcinomas. Amplification of c-myc was found in 10. 4% (5/48) of non-small cell carcinomas. This study suggests that K-ras mutation may be specific to adenocarcinoma and that erbB-2 amplification is one of the important factors in the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.