精神科医护人员职业倦怠状况及其相关因素

目的了解精神科医护人员职业倦怠状况及其相关因素。方法采用工作倦怠(Job Burnout,MBI-GS)问卷,对138名精神科医护人员进行了调查。结果①在性别、年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度、职称、户籍、是否值班(或中夜班)及职业上,职业倦怠的3个维度上差异没有统计学意义;不同工作年限在成就感低落上差异具有统计学意义(F=3.301,P0.05);②医护人员情绪衰竭与收入状况呈显著负相关(r=-0.467,P0.01);玩世不恭与收入状况、家庭状况、人际关系状况呈负相关(r=-0.412,-0.209,-0.273;P0.05);成就感低落与家庭状况、人际关系状况呈显著负相关(r=-0.284,-0.238;P0.01);③多元逐步回归分析显示,收入状况能有效预测医护人员情绪衰竭程度(β=-0.658,P0.01);收入状况及人际关系状况能有效预测医护人员玩世不恭程度(β=-0.557,-0.407;P0.01);工作年限、家庭状况及年龄能有效预测医护人员成就低落感程度(β=-0.815,-0.401,0.653;P0.01)。结论精神科医护人员职业倦怠与年龄、工作年限、收入状况、家庭状况、人际关系等因素密切相关,应重点关注刚参加工作的医护人员。

Psychiatric Staff Occupational Burnout and Its Related Factors

Objective To investigate the occupational burnout status of psychiatric staff and it ＇s related factors .Methods Using MBI-GS to assess138 medical and nursing staff .Results ①There was no statistically significant difference on the three dimensions of burnout in terms of gender,age,marital status,level of education,title,household registration,whether on duty（or in the night shift）and the profession;Different length of service of staff showed significant difference on the reduced personal accomplishment score （ F=3.301, P〈0.05）.②Medical and nursing staff＇emotional exhaustion was associated negatively with personal income （r=-0.467,P〈0.01）;Cynicism was associated negatively with personal income ,family status,interpersonal relationships （r =-0.412,-0.209,-0.273;P 〈0.05）;Reduced personal accomplishment was associated negatively with family status ,interpersonal relationships（r=-0.284,-0.238;P〈0.01）.③Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that personal income was predicting factor for emotional exhaustion （β=-0.658,P〈0.01）;Personal income and interpersonal relationships could predict cynicism （β=-0.557,-0.407;P〈0.01）;Length of service,family status and age were significant predictors of reduced personal accomplishment （β=-0.815,-0.401,0.653;P〈0.01）. Conclusion Psychiatric staff＇occupational burnout is closely related to their age ,years of working ,personal income ,family status,inter-personal relationships ,it should focus on just to participate in the work of medical staff .