2005-2011年东莞市传染病类突发公共卫生事件流行特点及报告质量分析

目的了解2005-2011年东莞市传染病类突发公共卫生事件流行特点及报告质量。方法对东莞市疾病预防控制中心2005-2011年通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统的《国家突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统》报告的所有传染病类突发公共卫生事件进行描述性分析；自行设计《传染病突发公共卫生事件报告质量评价表》对每起事件的报告质量进行评价，选用39个变量对报告的及时性、完整性和流行病学调查报告的规范性进行定性和定量分析。结果东莞市2005—2011年共报告传染病类突发事件143起，发病4148例，死亡4例，病死率0．10％。其中未分级事件占81．12％（116／143）、乙类和丙类传染病占78．32％（112／143）、呼吸道传染病占85．31％（122／143）。按病种来分，居前3位的分别是甲流（占41．26％，59／143）、流感（占18．18％，26／143）和水痘（占16．08％，23／143）。2009年是传染病类突发事件发生的高峰年，发生的事件数占总数的53．15％（76／143）；11月是发生的高峰月份，发生的事件数占总数的32．87％（47／143）。传染病类突发事件最常见于学校，占84．62％（121／143）；其次为工厂，占8．39％（12／143）。用于评价传染病类突发事件报告质量的39个变量平均得分率85．2l％。甲类、乙类、丙类及非法定报告传染病类突发事件报告质量平均得分率分别为93．59％、84．79％、85．54％、85．05％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。得分率最低的3个变量分别为在流行病学调查报告中“建立病例定义”、“有现症人数”和“有首发病例情况描述”，得分率分别为2．80％、13．29％和27．27％。结论学校、工厂是东莞市传染病类突发事件发生的重点场所；流感、水痘等呼吸道传染病是东莞市传染病类突发事件的主要病种；东莞市传染病类突发事件报告质量良好。

Epidemiological characteristics and reporting quality of public health emergencies of infectious dis- eases in Dongguan City, 2005--2011

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and reporting quality of public health emergencies of infectious diseases in 2005-2011 in Dongguan City. Methods Public health emergencies of infectious diseases in 2005-2011 reported to National Management Information System of Public Health Emergencies by Dongguan CDC were analyzed. Reporting quality of each event was evaluated by self-designed form. 39 variables were used to evaluate the timeliness, integrity and normative of repor- ting by qualitative and quantitative analysis. Results From 2005 to 2011, a total of 143 infectious disease events were reported in Dongguan City, in which 4 148 cases were recorded, including 4 dead cases with a fatality rate of O. 10%. Unclassified emergencies were accounted for 81.12% （ 116/143 ） , classes B and C infectious diseases were accounted for 78.32% （112/143）, and respiratory infectious diseases accounted for85.31% （122/143） in all events. The top three diseases were pandemic influenza A （H1N1） （41.26% ,59/143）, seasonal influenza （ 18.18%, 26/143）, and varieella （ 16.08% , 23/143 ）. Peak incidence year appeared in 2009 in which 76 events occurred, accounting for 53.15% （76/143） and peak incidence month appeared in November in which 47 events occurred, accounting for 32.87% （47/143）. Most events occurred in school （84.62% , 121/143） and factory （8.39% , 12/143）. Mean score rate of 39 variables in reporting quality evaluation was 85.21%. Mean score rate of class A, class B, class C, and unclassified emergencies of infectious diseases were 93.59% , 84.79% , 85.54% , and 85.05% , re- spectively, with significant difference（ P 〈0. O1 ）. The three variables with lowest score rate were ＂estab- lishing case definition＂, ＂describing number of active patients＂ and ＂giving information on the first case＂ in epidemiological report. The score rates of these three variables were 2.80% , 13.29% and 27.27%, respectively. Conclusion School and factory were the major places where infectious diseases emergencies occurred, and influenza and varicella were the prominent diseases. Reporting quality of infectious diseases events in Dongguan was good in general.