广东省6～18月龄婴幼儿喂养指数分布及与体格发育的相关性研究

目的分析广东地区6—18月龄婴幼儿喂养指数（ICFI）及与体格发育指标之间的相关性，以探讨ICFI应用于定量评估和比较婴幼儿喂养习惯的有效性。方法整群抽取广东省广州市荔湾区（城市）、佛山市南海区（城镇）、江门市新会区（农村）所有已建立健康档案的6—18月龄婴幼儿，问卷凋查喂养现况及测查体格发育。以中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所提出的ICFI评分体系为依据，计算评价ICFI。使用WHO推荐的Anthro软件计算婴幼儿的年龄别身长z评分（HAZ）、年龄别体重z分（wAz）、身长别体重z分（WHZ）。分析ICFI与各类z评分的相关性。结果共调查6～18月龄婴幼儿1771人，其中男997人，女774人。全省ICFI为（7．05±2．47），高于全国平均值（5．9±2．6），其中城市（474人）、城镇（658人）ICFI分别为（7．29±2．25）和（7．39±2．53），明显高于农村（639人）ICFI（6．52±2．49）（P〈0．05）。6—8月龄（606人）、9～11月龄（317人）、12—18月龄（848人）ICFl分别为（6．59±2．47）、（6．87±2．45）、（7．44±2．42），ICFI随月龄增加而增加（P〈0．01）。ICFI总合格率49．2％（872／1771），其中城市、城镇和农村分别为53．0％（251／474）、56．7％（373／658）和38．8％（248／639），城市、城镇合格率高于农村（P〈0．01），6—8、9～11、12～18月龄合格率分别为37．6％、46．7％和58．5％，随月龄增加，合格率明显提高（P〈0．01）。城市ICFI与HAZ、WHZ相关（r=0．108、0．117，均P〈0．05），城镇ICFI与WHZ相关（r=0．104，P〈0．01）。12～18月龄组ICFI与WAZ和HAZ相关（，=0．110、0．136，均P〈0．01）。结论广东省6～18月龄婴幼儿ICFI高于全国平均值。ICFI可在一定程度上反映出婴幼儿群体的生长发育状况，并可用于婴幼儿喂养方法的综合评判，但其应用效度有待改善。

Distribution of feeding index and association between feeding index and growth of infants and young children aged 6 to 18 months in Guangdong Province

Objective To explore the distribution of infants and young children feeding index （ICFI） in Guangdong and examine the association between ICFI and growth of infants and young children. Methods Children aged 6 to 18 months and their fosters were collected from urban, suburb and rural areas of Guangdong by cluster sampling method. The fosters were investigated by questionnaire and their children were carried physical examination. Based on the feeding index composite, which was set up by The Nutrition and Food Safety Institute of China Disease Control and Prevention Center, ICFI scores of infants were evaluated. On the basis of WHO Reference Standard, the weight-for-age Z score （ WAZ）, height-forage Z score（HAZ） and weight-for-height Z score （WHZ） of the infants were calculated, and the relationship between ICFI and the Z-scores were analyzed. Results A total of 1 771 children were investigated （997 male, 774 female ）. The average values of these children＇ s feeding index scores were （7.05 ±2.47）,which were higher than the national （5.9 ± 2.6） （P 〈 0.05）. The ICFI in urban （ n = 474 ） and suburb （ n = 658 ） groups were （7.29 ± 2.25 ） and （ 7.39 ± 2.53 ） , which were significantly higher than that （ 6.52 ± 2.49） of rural areas （ n = 639） （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The ICFI of 6 - 8 （ n = 606）, in 9-11（n=317）and12-18 month-old （n=848） groups were （6.59±2.47）, （6.87 ±2.45）, and （7.44 ±2.42） , respectively. The ICFI was increased with month-age of children （P 〈0.01 ）. ICFI total qualified rate was 49.2% , of which, the rates were 53.0% , 56.7% , and 38.8% in urban, suburb, and rural areas. The qualified rates in urban and suburb were significantly higher than that in rural area （P 〈0.01 ）. Bivariate analyses showed that feeding indices were significantly associated with HAZ and WHZ in urban area, and with WHZ in suburb area （ P 〈 0.05, P 〈0. 01 ）. It also showed that feeding indices were significantly associated with WAZ and HAZ in 12 -18 month-old group （P 〈0.01 ）. Conclusion The average feeding index scores of children in Guangdong was higher than that of the children from na- tional. The feeding index composite may reflect the growth situation of these infants. It also can be used in the comprehensive evaluation on the feeding method for infants and young children.