兔颈总动脉侧壁型动脉瘤模型的建立

目的 建立类似人颅内动脉瘤特点的兔颈总动脉侧壁型动脉瘤模型.方法 切取兔左颈总动脉约8mm,经弹性蛋白酶和胶原酶处理后,采用端侧吻合法将其吻合到右颈总动脉,建立侧壁型动脉瘤20只.术后分别行彩色多普勒检查、DSA和动脉瘤壁病理检查.结果 本组建立兔颈部囊状动脉瘤模型20只,术后健康成活18只,动脉瘤自发破裂导致死亡2只.DSA显示:动脉瘤与载瘤动脉通畅16只,动脉瘤腔自发性完全闭塞2只;造模成功率为80％.彩色多普勒发现:动脉瘤模型建立后即刻平均直径为(2.57±0.20) mm,2周后平均直径为(3.14±0.20) mm,两者差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);且载瘤动脉血流速度较动脉瘤内血流速度快.病理检查显示:动脉瘤模型的动脉壁内弹力层和中弹力层基本消失.结论 经弹性蛋白酶和胶原酶处理的兔颈总动脉侧壁型动脉瘤模型,在形态结构、组织结构、自然发展史及血流动力学特点上与人颅内动脉瘤相似,是模拟人颅内动脉瘤的最佳模型之一.

Establishment of lateral aneurysm models in the common carotid artery in rabbits

Objective To establish lateral aneurysm models of the common carotid artery in rabbits which are similar to the characteristics of human intracranial aneurysm. Methods About 8 mm of the left common carotid artery was cut off and dealt with elastase and coUagenase, then anastomosed to the right common carotid artery by end-to-side anastomosis for establishing lateral aneurism model in 20 rabbits. Color Doppler, DSA and pathological examination were performed after the operation. Results The aneurysm model was established in 20 rabbits, with 18 survivals after the operation and 2 dying of spontaneous rupture of aneurysm. The aneurysm was patent to the parent artery in 16 animals, spontaneous occlusion of the aneurysm cavity occurred in 2, and the success rate of aneurysm model was 80% by DSA. The mean diameter of the aneurysm were 2.57＋0.20 mm and 3.14~0.20 mm immediately and 14 days respectively after the modal establishment by color Doppler, and there was a statistical difference between the diameters （P〈0.05）. The blood flow velocity in the parent artery was higher than that in the aneurism cavity. Pathological examination revealed that inner elastic layer and middle elastic layer of the carotid wall almost disappeared in aneurysm model. Conclusions The aneurysm model of the common carotid artery in rabbits established with elastase and collagenase is quite similar to the human intracranial aneurysm in characteristics of morphological structure, histological structure, natural history and hemodynamics, thus being one of the optimal models imitating human intracranial aneurysm.