医院感染横断面的调查研究

目的了解医院感染现患率、医院感染发生的特点、抗菌药物使用情况,发现医院感染管理中所存在的问题。方法采用横断面调查方法,床旁调查和病历调查相结合,对调查日处于医院感染状态的病例和医院感染管理的相关影响因素进行分析研究。结果实查住院患者587例,现患率为4.26%,例次现患率为5.11%;感染部位依次为下呼吸道、胃肠道、泌尿道;抗菌药物使用率为41.57%,用药前病原体送检率较低,仅为8.20%;外科组预防性用药比例较高。结论医院感染横断面调查方法简单,结果可靠;需进一步改善医疗条件,加强侵入性技术操作管理;规范抗生素不合理使用的现状,提高病原学送检率,减少预防性用药,降低抗生素的使用率。

Study on the hospital infection prevalence survey

Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence rate,characteristics of hospital infection and antibiotics use in the hospital and to perceive the problems in management of hospital infection.Methods By prevalence survey and investigation of bed-side and case records,to study the one-day hospital prevalence rate in our hospital and factors to influence on management of hospital infection.Results Among the 587 in-patients investigated in the study,the prevalence rate was 4.26%,case prevalence rate was 5.11%;infection constituents were lower respiratory tract,gastrointestinal tract,urinary tract.The rate of antibiotic usage was 41.57%,the rate of inspection of pathogens before antibiotic usage was 8.20%.The rate of antibiotic usage for prevention was higher in surgical departments than other departments.(Conclusion) The prevalence survey was simple and more exactitude of data.Betterments for medical treatment,focusing on invasive procures and inspection of pathogens should be reinforced.The rational use and of antibiotics should be stressed to reduce the rate of usage for prevention.